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A REMARKABLE BOOK. 
>uld be in the Hands of Every Voter. 

.* -'Ill faren the land, to hastening ills a prey. 
Where wealth accumulates and men decay." 

CIVILIZATION. 

VAN AND THE TIMES, 



r-JW'tvaji 13 "V :^2/M->~ > 




B 



FRANCIS R. (JOLE, Ph. D., LL. D., 



OF^THE CHICAGO BAK. 



^|t of "The Citizen Sovereignty Association," Director of ■ 'College i 
of Citizenship," Etc. 



lO Cents. 



Unej of the greatest campaign documents ever issued in the 
history Uf American politics. 

^^'' lable, honest, vivid and fearless presentation of the 
! uentjous questions of the pending campaign, from a historic, 
'^tifi^- and statesman's standpoint, 

SOMETHING RED HOT FOR THE CAMPAIGN. 




Mrs. Malaprop said to a visiting friend, as^I!5"*TSI'fi'ZIIS^d her a 
. hero ! if you'll read that contentively you'll get lots of inflammation.' 
if you but go over this little work contentively, intentively or attenl 
will get lots of inflammation and a heap of information on the great q\ 
the hour. 

An old lady, on htanng a minister remark "The world is full oi 
said she didn't believe it, so little of it found its wa}' into her purse, She haj 
pened to be living under the gold standard. 

Copyright 1896 by Francis K. Cole. ' 



To the common people, the producers of the land, 
To Liberty's great defc nding band, 

Who have placed the signet of their co^yjiajfwiiwg power 
On all civilizations, in spite of despot, dungeon and tower 
Who, from the promontories of equality and the ballot 
Will never conic down to be plutocracy's valet. 
In time of peril > ou don't stand on a per cent, and hoi 
After the war is over, for an honest? dollar; 
To you, whose burning wrongs are to conflagration fanned 
By plutocracy's dojngs and "The public be damned," 
To the great common people, the glory of the state, 
This little book I dedicate. 

The Author. 




Definitions. 

Bimetallism, double standard and free silver mean the same thin^ 
betore the law as full legal tender money and free and equal access to 

i6 to r means that, as both gold and silver are precious metals 
amount of silver in the world is less than i6 times that of gold, and 
ratio was i6 to i before it was fraudulently demonetized, i6 oz. o; 
coining should be equal in value to i oz. of gold. 

The old Roman economists said that the value of money was n 
quantity of it in circulation than in the substance in which the unit was 
and this was incorporated into the Pandects of Justinian. Ricardo 
commodities should rise or fall in price in proportion to the increase 
tion of money, I assume as an incontrovertable fact." 

Note. 

Statistics used on this volume are mostly taken from U. S. Statistical Ab 
Reports, U. S. Bureau of Treasury Statistics, and the standard English statistici' 
and Sauerbeck. 



This Pablication will k supplied in large quantities at reduced pri 
Address the author, 1127 Association Building, 



equi 

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and 

rice 

.live 



ore in 

;mbod 

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am 



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Mu 



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Jhioago- 



iF 



GIVILaIZAT^ION. 



13:^.1^ Ji^isr .AJ<iiD THE ti:m:es- 

BY 

Francis R. Cole, Ph. D,, LL. D. 



"Doubt not through the ages one increasing purpose runs, 
And the thoughts of men are widened with the process of the suns." 



The march of civilization is bloody 
and slow, yet as viewed through the 
centuries its motion is ever forward 
and its step always quickening-. At 
times, when confronted b3^ the AliJine 
barriers of concentrated wrong", it 
seems to halt, retreat down the valley 
of despair and disapj)ear in the dark 
night of hopelessness, but it is only 
laking a circuitous route and will 
eventually emerge from the plateaus 
of God's mysterious purposes and in a 
burst of outraged and inflamed indig- 
nation sweep the opposing forces of 
fortified evil off the face of the earth. 
Af. this civilization advances, the hori- 
zon broadens and grows red with hope, 
rights become more general and se- 
cure, wrongs less monumental an<l 
intense. From the absolute despotism 
of primitive times where the despot 
had the absolute right (?) of life and 
death over his subjects, mankind, with 
its face towards the millennium, has 
persistently journeyed on and up, 
through tortuous paths of policy, riv- 
ers of intrigue, seas of blood, moun- 
tains of wrong and nights of'treason, 
till now it has passed through mon- 
archy, hierarchy and aristocracy, and is 
on the heights of democracy. In the 
last century the people ran up against 
one of these apparently impassable bar- 
riers. Generation after generation wit- 
nessed the degrading influences of the 
"powers that be." Church and state 
combined to crush the aspirations of 
humanity and held millions in tyran- 
nical sway. The partnership of throne 
and altar that then prevailed was fair- 
ly reeking with corruption. The tem- 
ples of God smoked with the fumes of 
the burning flesh of men who had con- 
sciences and had the courage to utter 
their honest thoughts. The imple- 
ments of torture and persecution were 
worked day and night — 60,000 murdered 

i/ 1 



in a single night. ]\Ien and women lan- 
guished in the Bastile of France, the 
Tower of England and the prisons and 
dungeons of other countries for sym- 
pathizing with downtrodden humanity 
and questioning the assumptions and 
rights of kings, nobles and priests. 
But "thrice armed is he who hath his 
quarrel just," and in spite of the fact 
that on one side was power, pomp, 
pageantry, influence and skill, and on 
the other ignorance, poverty and weak- 
ness, yet the leaders of the masses could 
not be surpressed, for where one fell 
ten took his place, till at length the 
heavy cannonading of common sense, 
the consuming flames of truth and the 
dynamite of satire shattered and 
burned down the infested fabric of 
regal institutions, blew up its rotten 
foundations, and founded instead the 
lefty temple of liberty and dedicated it 
to humanity amid patriotic sacrifice. 
Pitt, Hobbes, Bolingbroke, Hume, Eous- 
seau, Diderot, Voltaire, Danton, Mira- 
beau, Washington, Jefferson, Paine, 
Henry, Franklin, arranged and con- 
ducted the glorious proceedings. The 
clergy were forced to relinquish their 
unwarrantable power and the kings 
and nobles were compelled to consider 
and recognize the common rights of 
the common people. 

This settled the political and relig- 
ious rights of the whites. Next, after 
things quieted and developed soiue, 
mankind met the menacing octopus of 
slaverj^ The slavery of the south had 
a deleterious effect on the country. 
Labor suffered from its competition, 
manufacturers had no markets for their 
goods. Slaves, having no money, could 
purchase no wares of the merchant; 
while a customer is said to be the im- 
mediate jewel of the English and Yankee 
soul. Slavery also demoralized southern 
manhood. It was the moth of our so- 



cial fabric, and Lincoln declared: "This 
country cannot long endure half slave 
and half free." Yet before this brazen 
iniage of slavery, humbly paying- de- 
\otion, wsis the ermine of the bench, 
with its Dred Scott decision, princely 
merchants with their heartless gold, 
time-serving politicians and the obse- 
>luious ministry. Now that the clouds 
of prejudice have cleared away we see 
the cupidity, moral turpitude, sijurious 
patriotism and political blindness of the 
I ime. 

(iarrison, Lovejoy, Phillips, all ijhilan- 
thropists and friends of man, were de- 
iiou'iced as their country's enemies and 
attacked by mobs, while the petty nin- 
compoops of part}' were given the seaLs 
of olHce and hailed as statesmen. 
'I'iiink of it, slavery proclaimed the 
token of peace, the bond of union and 
the sum of national greatness! Al- 
uiost incredible, it stands a fact in his- 
tory; the awful spectacle in the mem- 
ory of living men. 

But the pomp, noise and authority 
«)f this gigantic wrong didn't overawe 
manhood, silence the voice of con- 
'^cience. nor confound the abiding wis- 
<lom of the race. Freedom had its 
thrilling poetry and inspiring song. 
Slavery had but. vapid verse and moody 
melod}'. Freedom had oratory, earnest^ 
ness and logic. Slavery, rant, fustian 
and sophistry. Finally the irrepressi- 
ble conflict came and the United States 
laid the flower of its youth on the 
altar, and with the ruddy currents of 
patriotic blood purged lis system of 
the monsti'ous iniquity. 

Lincoln, Seward, Sumner, Longfel- 
low, Ih-yant, Phillips and others, were 
the men of heroic statesmanship, tal- 
ent and moi-al grandeur that carried 
the noble cause to its glorious consum- 
mation and success. 

Slavery abolished and the people 
practically on an equality, unprece- 
dented prosperity burst into bloom, 
but soon withered and decaj'ed on ac- 
count of industrial evolution, consti- 
tutional defects, and the evils restilt- 
ing therefrom under the play of venal- 
ity and perfidy in the people's repre- 
sentatives. 

The Rebellion sowed the seeds of 
aristocracy. Few discerned it. Im- 
mortal Lincoln did, and thus prophe- 
sied: "As a result of the war corpo7-a- 
tions will be enthroned and corruption 
in office ensue, and there will come a 
conflict; on one hand corporations, 
united, arrogant and grasping every- 
thing in sight; on the other labor, weak 
and disorganized and treated like hase 



mendiciUlta begging for breiul." The 
conllict is here. The debt contracted 
dviring the war has furnished the basis 
of linancial opex-atiuns and finesse to 
establish a gold standard that, ever ap- 
preciating, acts alchemj^-like in trans- 
forming the fruits of incessant toil into 
creditors' gold. It also led to granting 
to private corporations, known as Na- 
tional Banks, the power to issue and 
control our currency. Right here it 
may not be amiss to quote from a doc- 
ument of that period, the famous Haz- 
ard circular, issued by the London to 
the New York bankers in 1862, which 
states that slavery is to be abolished, 
and that the European jjlan of controll- 
ing labor by controlling wages is prefer- 
able, as it does not carry the responsi- 
bility of caring for the laborers, and 
goes on to state: "This can be done 
by controlling the mioney. The great 
debt that capitalists will .see to it is 
made out of the war, must be used as 
a means to control the volume of money; 
to accomplish this, the bonds must be 
used as a. banking basis. We are now 
waiting for the Treasurer to make rec- 
ommendations to congress. It will not 
do to allow the greenbacks to circulate 
as mone^' any length of time, as we can- 
not control them." 

We all know to our sorrow how well 
the bankers and capitalists have car- 
ried out to the letter the suggestion, 
or, more appropriately, conspiracy. A 
word as to industrial evolution. Cen- 
tralization is the sj^irit of the age. Men 
cooperate and form corporations. Cor- 
poratiouiS combine and form trusts, and 
utilize to the fullest extent the mar- 
velous inventions of genius. Manufac- 
turing has proceeded along that line 
till large factories with their labor- 
saving machinery have abstracted the 
independence from the artisan and me- 
chanic with the silent and resistless 
force of gravitation. The workingman 
has been divorced from his tools. Skill 
has been superseded by the great ma- 
chines, which have almost become hu- 
man in their complexity, perfection 
and automatic devices. Children can 
0|>erate them as easily as men, as the 
work is always divided into special de- 
l)artments; and as they can be hired 
for less, generally get the jobs, throw- 
ing their fathers into involuntary idle- 
ness, thus making the child su^jport 
the parent, overturning immemorial 
custom and reversing nature's imperial 
decree. 

IMMIGRATION, CORRUPTION, ETC. 
Another matter that must not be 
iQst sight of in summing up the causes 






-V*- 



of our distress is the fiact that immi- 
'4 ration has been landing- on our shores 
^^o iiiillions of ijaupers and ignorant for- 
^ t igners till the overworked and disor- 
dered bowels of our republic cannot 
iissimilate them into our system of 
iiulependence and free institutions, 
These things, together with corrup- 
tion in oihce and favoritism in legisla- 
tion, such, for instance, as allowing iu- 
<lividuals the special privilege of issu- 
ing money (a function of government) 
to the extent of 90 per cent, of the face 
of United States bonds, gilt-edgtd se- 
curity bearing interest; and also going- 
sponsor on private corporations' bonds 
in the construction of railroads and do- 
nating them land in the bargain; con- 
gress has granted to these corporations 
land amounting in area to the states 
of New Hamjishire, New Jersey, Con- 
necticut, Maryland, West Virginia, Mas- 
sachusetts, Vermont, Pennsylvania, 
Kentucky, Ohio and Indiana. All these 
things, I repeat, have lowered respect for 
law and banished confidence in its ad- 
ministration, has filled our asylums 
with the mentally deranged, depressed 
the iiroud spirit of American manhood, 
driven thousands to suicide, drunken- 
ness and shame, caused crime to in- 
crease over 500 per cent, in the last de- 
cade, while population has increased 
but 15, and in stamping in black letters 
'Hopelessly ^lortgaged" on the farms 
and possessions of the middle classes, 
who are disappearing before the Jug- 
gernaut of monopoly like the buffalo be- 
fore the train of progress. Even now 
less than one per cent, of our population 
owns more than the other 99. The 
rumbling thunders of universal discon- 
tent ominously suggests where it may 
end. 

REMEDIES, CHILD LABOR. 
Let us consider some of the remedies 
that would immediately send to exile 
this awful spectre of want that now 
• stalks about in the land. Beginning 
with a few minor ones lei us take up 
child labor. When mere infants of 12, 
13 and 14 years are forced to enter 
.shops and fiactories, Avhere they are 
cooped up for eight, ten and twelve 
hours a day. we may expect that on 
some sullen morning in the near future 
the Goddess of Liberty will jumn from 
her pedestal of liberty enlightening the 
world to the bottom of the oblivious 
deep. The real greatness of a nation 
is not in the extravagance of its luxu- 
ries, the splendor of its edifices, nor 
the numl^er of its forts and armories, 
but in the courage, intelligence and 
virtue of its citizens. In a republic, 



where the citizens are the sovereigns, 
as a matter of self-preservation, if 
nothing moi-e, it should ste to it that 
the youth of to-day, who will be the 
sovereigns of to-morrow, are properly 
educated and trained for the respon'^^ 
bilit\'. These children are in ; ..icure's 
stage of growth, but the Jaoor and re- 
quirements of the trades stunt their 
physical, check their intellectual and 
dwarf their moral development. They 
are not only turned out of the highways 
of a noble life but lower the level of 
\\ages and throw out of employment 
able-bodied men. These helpless chil- 
dren need protection, not that of the 
tinkered tariff schedule, but the moth- 
erly embrace of some statute that pro- 
hibits the sacrilege of child labor un- 
der the ages of 16 or 17 years. Some 
parents may interject that it is 
absolutely necessary that their chil- 
dren be taken from school and sent to 
\vork. So it may be, under present 
cii'cumstances, but the remedies and 
reforms here proposed will change con- 
ditions and make it unnecessary. 
EIGHT-HOUR DAY. 

Another way workingmen could be 
benefited would be by making the 
^vorking day eight hours instead often. 
This would give emiiloyment to nearly 
20 per cent, more peo^ile. Ten and 12 
hour dajs exhaust the system, tire the 
energies and leave one without any 
disposition for rational entertainment, 
reading or the cultivation of the higher 
faculties. It rather leaves the system 
craving- stimulants and excitement. As 
a matter of scientific and social truth 
shorter hours should go hand in hand 
with labor-saving' machinery in this 
land of unbounded resources. There 
should be a department of Labor in 
the President's cabinet similar to that 
of Agriculture. Government Bureaus 
of Labor and Statistics, bj' which al) 
facts and data of importance to trade, 
labor and commerce would be collected 
and preserved and faithfully given out 
to the public, Avould also be of inestima- 
ble value to the whole community. 
Business would be conducted on a more 
intelligent and certain basis, and labor 
would not be ever groping in the dark 
as to where it was in demand, the char- 
acter of the market, etc. Public em- 
ployment bureaus should also be estab- 
lished, that surplus labor could be aided 
in securing something to do. And Con- 
vict should not be permitted to compete 
with honest labor. 

RECIPROCITY. 

As Ave can with our resources, ma- 
chinery, intelligence and industry pro- 



tluce abumlaijce, we should try to opeii 
the closed gates of foreig-n markets. 
This can be done with the key of reci- 
procitj'. Many think because our home 
trade is 95 per cent, of the whole the 
ii'ih"'' five is so small and insignificant 
that itV^oes not pay to trouble about it. 
Rut when vre consider that our busi- 
ness aggregates in the billions. fi%'e per 
cent, looms up in huge proportions. In 
many instances their commodities can- 
not be produced in this country except 
at great disadvantage, and vice versa. 
Now, then, if we can get them to take 
ntf the duties on our goods and thus 
give our merchants an advantage over 
others in their markets, and at tho same 
time allow our people to purchase their 
goods cheaper in our markets, let us 
have it by all means, especially with our 
sister members of the great family of 
.Vmerican Republics. This sj^stem was 
very aupiciouslv inaugurated by the 
late James G. Blaine. Let the good work 
go on. 

PROTECTION. 
. .Vs next in order let us consider pro- 
let'tion. From talk sometimes heard 
upon the streets one would suppose 
this tariff was the peculiar property 
of the Iiepublican party. But as a 
matter of history and memory that 
party rose to power on the wings of 
other questions in the ])olitical dis- 
turbances of 1856 and ISGO. Protection 
has been the settled policy of the gov- 
ernment from the beginning. Its first 
|niriK)se was to engender life into 
.\merican industry. To encourage men 
in manufacturing and in-otect the cap- 
ital therein invested till they learned 
the trade to efficiency and got firmly 
established; when it was presumed 
they could take care of themselves. The 
statesmen of that ]3eriod reasoned that 
it only required a little boosting to 
enable the Yankee to take care of him- 
•seif, and that his proverbial economy 
and characteristic inventive genius 
would soon place his enterprise the 
foremost in the world. They were 
shrewd observers and reasoned well on 
this a,s on other subjects. But little 
did they imagine that these infant in- 
dustries, strong, healthy, hungry and 
cute, who always had received the best 
of care, their mamma never turning 
them over to the neighbors while she 
attended the matinee, should after bear- 
ing up boldly under all the summer 
complaints, ills, trials and tribulations 
of infancy, still bawl like babies for 
parental nursing in the days of their 
virility. But the tide of invention and 
improvement has continued to flow in. 



a« was anticipated, till to-day many of 
our manufacturers sell their machines 
and implements in foreign markets 
after paj'ing transportation charges, 
etc., cheaper than thej' do in our own 
protected land. Sewing machines, 
American make, for instance, are sold 
in Europe for $17, while they want $50 
for the same machine here. Let us 
take the lantern of investigation and 
try to penetrate into some of the inner 
recesses of this boasted so-called pro- 
tection scheme and note its real work- 
ings. In 1860 there was no clamor about 
raising the tariff schedule. During the 
war it was raised, however, in order to 
increase the revenue and assist in 
carrying on hostilities. Duties were 
put up very high, so high that objec- 
tion began to take the place of popu- 
lar disapproval, and it was defended 
simply as a war measure demanded by 
the exigencies of the case, and its re- 
peal was promised on the restoration 
of peace. The average was 18.84 per 
cent, in 1861; in 1865 it averaged as 
high as 40 per cent. Bear in mind that 
these duties were levied on goods of 
general consumption and that they pay 
the running expenses of the govern- 
ment. As almost all of this falls on 
the people the wealthy escape their just 
share of taxation. And note how quick 
they are to get what their class wants; 
the income tax was repealed the year 
following the war. The common peo- 
ple who pay a royalty, as it were, to 
Uncle Sam on almost every article they 
tise, for the privilege of living in a coun- 
try with men who shirk just taxes, 
have never yet had much relief. On 
the contrary, the average rate is higher 
to-day than in its balmiest days in the 
'go's. It is now 51 and a fraction, under 
the Wilson act, which is but seven per 
cent, lower than the high water mark, 
viz., the McKinley bill. Be candid and 
honest, is a tax of one-half of one per 
cent, on incomes more oppressive than 
a tax of 80 per cent, on the woolen shirt 
of the laborer? Some people have an 
idea that tariff makes high wages. Let 
us see. Wages are regulated by supply 
and demand, the capacity of the laborer • 
and his ability to do the work, the amount 
of money in circulation, coal, steam, 
machinery, climate, etc.* Many fac- 
tors, you see, enter into the problem. 
l)Ut the principal factors are thekind 
of employment, productiveness of the 
work-man, supply and demand. If high 
tai*iff regulated wages, the wages in 
the different states would be uniform, 
for the tariff is the same from New York 
to San Francisco. Wages are lower in 



4. * 



Germany tliaai they are iu free-trade 
England; and in China, the greatest 
protective tarili! ciountry ever discov- 
ered up to this year of our Lord, pays 
the lowest wages. In this Flowery 
Kingdom laborers get four cents from 
sunrise to sunset, and a traveler can 
get a seated vehicle and play horse 
with a native all day for six or eight 
cent's. Yes, this protection is ostensibly 
for the working-man, yet it is a notori- 
ous fact that wages iu protected indus- 
tries are lower than in the unprotected. 
In the mines and factories of the East, 
in Massachnsetts and Pennsylvania, you 
can hardly find an American or self- 
respecting' foreigner, w ho has lived liere 
any time, employed therein. On the 
contrary you will find depraved Poles 
and Slavonians of the lowest strata of 
society getting the munificent wages 
of from 50 to 90 cents a day. The largest 
protected concerns even had envoys 
sconring- Europe for the cheapest kind 
of labor, the system was even protected 
by statutes giving a lien on all real es- 
tate that mig-ht come to the hands of the 
laborer, and providing for a pledge of 
12 months' %vages to pay expenses of 
bringing over. Things really got so 
odious under this state of affairs that 
the law was repealed and such work 
condemned. r>ut only after the injury 
was done and our protected industries 
stocked with foreign cheaj) labor. See 
the report of the Blair Senate investi- 
gating committee and testimony of 
labor officials, etc. Whenever working- 
men became dissatisfied with their 
w ages and would strike, the paui>ei*s of 
TJussia, Italy, etc., would be brought \u 
to take their places. Whole colonies of 
American workingmen have been swept 
away from these industries by this sys- 
tem. Because manufacturers have the 
prices of their products raised, thus 
enabling them to pay better wages, does 
not necessarily make them do so. Gould 
could have afforded to jjaj' his bootblack 
five dollars, yet he but paid his little 
nickel. Supply and demand you know 
comes in again, together with the rela- 
tive resiilt accomplished. Here in the 
United States more than in any other 
country the' productivity has been on 
the gain. An illustration of how w^ages 
are affected thereby: In 1850 in Mas- 
sachusetts each laborer produced 43 
yards of print cloths; in 18S4 he pro- 
duced 102 yards, an increase of 143 per 
cent., and his wages jumped from 05 
cents a day to $1.05, while the labor 
cost of the article decreased 33 per 
cent. .James G. Blaine, admittedly a 
good authority on tariff", while Secre- 



tary of State siiid, speaking of the cot- 
ton industry: "Undoubtedly the in- 
equalities iu the wages of English and 
Aiuerican operatives are more than 
counlerbalanced by the greater elti- 
cieucy of the latter," C. S. Hill, statisti- 
cian, republican, in argument before 
Tariff Commission, said our manufac- 
turing product in 1«S2 was $8,000,000,- 
000, made by 5,250,000 hands; England's 
$4,000,000,000, by 5,140,200 hands. Here 
we see the American workman could be 
paid double the wages of the British 
without any tariff whatever. Our con- 
sul at Tunstill, England, reported that 
in cotton manufacture our productive 
capacity is 33 per cent, g-reater than 
England's and 72 per cent, greater than 
Germany's; in woolen manufacture, 23 
and 40 per cent, more respectively. 

TABLE, COMPILED FROM TENTH 
CENSUS, SHOWING VALUE OP VA- 
RIOUS MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS. 
PER CENT. OF LABOR COST AND 
RATE OF DUTY EXISTING. 

Value of -g-^ ?>-g 

Industries. product. Labor, i-— £1 3 

Ph o * 

Carpets $31,792,802 $6,835,218 21.5 47 

Cotton" goods.. .210,950,383 45,614,419 21.6 50 

Iron pipe, wr't.. 13,292.162 1,788,258 13.5 20 

Oil, castor 653,900 44,714 6.8 194 

Oil, linseed 15,393,812 681,677 4.4 54 

Woolen .goods.. 160,606,721 25,836,392 16.1 70 

Worsted goods. 33,549,942 5,683,027 16.9 68 

*P«r cent. 

These facts conclusively prove that 
the workingman has received little 
benefit from this protection that does 
not protect, and that the farmer and 
the great body of the people were put 
under tribute to the big- manufactur- 
ers. This it is that makes protection 
a fraud and a snare, breeds great trusts 
and makes the people distressingly 
poor, while Carnegie and his ilk rear 
castles on the friths of Scotland and 
in Bingen on the Rhine. Is it possible 
that the people have forgotten the 
days of the McKinley tariff in 1892, 
when under a republican administra- 
tion labor troubles broke out all over 
the. land; riots at Homestead, the mi- 
litia called out in Montana, troops or- 
dered out in Tennessee, etc.? This it 
was that caused the avalanche in 1892, 
in favor of wiping out the rotten sys- 
tem, and had Cleve land proved true to 
the platform on which he was elected 
and bj' w^hich he secured the votes of 
the electorate, tariff would not be 
heard of in a day's travel. The Loan 
fisherman was elected on an anti-mo- 
nopoly platform, but has shown him- 
self to be the agent of plutocracy and 
the pliant tool of Wall, Lombard St. 



& Co. Here is something that brings enue will tall in that proportion ihis 

out in bold relief the inadeyuaey of is what happened. Under the Me We;^^ 

nrot^ction as practiced. The duties are bill the revenue was a surplus oi *y,yi4,- 

riommodities, thus protecting them 454 in 'D. f .^^^^74 m '.. ,G. «0. .00 

hom foreign competition. The com- deficit in '94 The VVilson bil took ei- 

.rities are ownid by the big man- feet July 1, '«J4, and left a deficit of 

•acturer. The workingman owns his $42,805,223 in 90. From this we see 

l.boi-this is not protected from cheap that McKinleyism is far from a tonic, 

comnetmon t le cheapest kinds of for- The last year of the McKmley bill wit- 

"rabor coming into the United nessed a shrinkage of $72,000,000, while 

States without imposts, let or hin- the Wilson bill shovved an increase of 

drance, and underbidding the Ameri- $27,000,000. The balm of free silver 

c?n Nearly 800.000 of these immi- must be put in Atlas' wounds ana his 

grants landed during the last two tired feeling driven headlong before a 

years. John Bull says: "Blame h-your large bromo-seltzer dose of Bryanism. 

bloomin' heyes, hif you don't let in This done. Atlas would rise to his full 

my goods, Hi'll bring' over my factory stature of yore, i^rices would go up and 

and men." Foreign capitalists own and business boom. The following official 

control most of our large industries, figures show that the Punch and Judy 

They and home capitalists combine to ]H-rformance of tariff and protection is 

further personal ends. When litiga- neither the cause of hard times nor the 

tion was protracted, cumbersome and remedy: 

expensive a century ago in England, a TARIFF RATES, 

hiwyer was defined as a gentleman Ad Valorem Rate of Duty. 1892 1894 

thai rescued your estate from your S^; ft^e/. uZam?faV^^red:;:: i:^ l^St 

enemies and kept it himself. But pro- Iron, etc., manufactures 55.40 68.41 

tected Barons transplant the laborer's ^elfher' and manufactures of:: 33:fi6 ll'^\ 

enemy into our midst and appropriate Distilled sinrits 171.34 108. .54 

all the protection to themselves. The ^,^S|^ft^^fasses: etc::: :::::V;::: 19.1 13:% 

charge is also made against the Wilson M^ood, etc 15.70 14.80 

Protection bill that it provides insuffi- Wool, ^-^jf-^-- ed.::::::::: 41.07 4i:07 

cient revenue. But it is not right EXPORTS AND IMPORTS. 

that all taxes should come out of the ^ear Exports. Import.. 

common people, and the Income tax is9i $884,480,810 $S44,91fi.l9fi 

would supplement it with abundance. 18| 930,278.148 827,402,462 

The present tariff under normal con- jj;,94 S92'l43:547 654,995.151 

ditions would even .supply the requisite 189,5'::. .! 807,508,165 731,969,965 

amount. Everyone knows that con- According to the above, tariff makes 

traction of the currency always entails little difference with the country's con- 

a lowering of yirices. Now, our money ditions and the charge that importa- 

supplpy was cut in twain in '73 by de- tions under the Wilson law were so 

monetizing silver and retiring many enormous that the foreigner captured 

greenbacks. This caused the panic of our markets and made our workshojjs 

1873-77. be it remembered, when the idle is unqualifiedly false. In '93 the 

Kepublica.ns were in full power. De- importations were $135,000,000 more 

monetization inaugurated a falling of than under the Wilson bill. One of 

prices, and sagacious statesmen of the the English gentry thought, from the 

time predicted a continuing decline, high time the servants were having on 

This decline was partially checked by one occasion, that they must have been 

the partial recognition of silver as monkeying Avith the Avine and forth- 

money from 1878 up to 1893, when the with proceeded to examine the top of 

Sherman bill was rejiealed. ^Money is the cask, Avhen he was advised to exam- 

nn .\tlas holding on his shoulders the' ine underneath. "Blockhead," the 

huge world of prices. In '93 he Avas so country gentleman stammered, "don't 

wounded and maimed and Cleveland you see the wine is missing at the top, 

made him so Aveary that he sunk terri- not the bottom?" This is the position 

bly under his precious load, and prices of the mi.sguicled republicans to-day; 

have been getting lower ever since, they see the deficiency at the surface 

XoAv, as most of our tariff duties are and scorn to examine beneath. No, the 

ad valorem (on the A-alue), it follows tariff is not an issue in politics this 

that the rcA'cnue diminished. An in- year, and the difference between the 

stance: If an import is Avorth one dol- McTvinley and Wilson bills is immaterial 

]ar, and the duty is 50 per cent., the reA'- to the masses. No two tariffs Avere ever 

enue Avill be 50 cents, but if the price alike, but these resemble each other al- 

of the import falls 20 joer cent, the reA-- mostasmuchas Shakespeare's Dromios. 



i'resideut tjrant, in his messaj^e to Con- 
gress in 187.'!, advised tlie removal of the 
duty on certain Icinds of wool, and the 
McKinley bill had over :(,()()() articles on 
the free list, and whenever tariff sched- 
ules are ehanj^ed it is the bif>- establish- 
ments represented in the lobby that get 
the x)lums. Let us revert to 

THE INCOME TAX, 
something- more imjjortant. A small tax 
on incomes of $5,000 and upwards would 
swell to sutliciency the depleted streams 
of revenue. In 1805, when our aristoc- 
lacy, compared to what it is now. was 
as a crawling- caterpillar to the gorgeous 
butterfly, it realized our g-overnment 
$72,000,000. This tax is just and politic. 
It does seem to me that such a, measure 
needs no plea, much less ajjology, on the 
rugged mountains, rolling- prairies and 
ill the pensive valleys of patriotic Amer- 
ica. It is the ]n-opcrt.y of the rich that 
imjilores protection. It is this that in- 
cites envy and invites lawlessness. This 
it is that is defended by armories, guard- 
ed by the police and provided with the 
jiroteclion of the fire department. An 
Income tax is a matter of justice. Be- 
sides it is the policy of government to 
]ay the burdens thereof ui^on those 
wlio can best bear them and feel them 
the least. It is really sad to see men 
who struggle hard to keep the w^olf 
of want from their door, echo the flimsy 
and dishonorable objections that plu- 
tocracy makes against it. The man 
who makes $5,000 and over annually and 
objects to paying- his mite toward the 
maintenance of the g-overnment under 
which he makes and enjoys it, is not fit 
to be an Anierican citizen. Like the 
man who has no music in his soid, "he 
is fit for treason, stratag-ems and spoils," 
and should not be trusted. The income 
tax tacked on to the Wilson bill was 
torn to pieces and declared unconstitu- 
tional by the watch dogs of plutocracy, 
the supreme court. The Constitution 
can be changed if the court cannot. 
Now we come to the cream of civiliza- 
tion, the backbone of the nation's sta- 
bility, the ]nire. philanthropic, sacri- 
ficing-, exemplary gentlemen of the 
world, who wanf an TTonest Dollar (?) 
and condescend to run the financial 
affairs of the ignorant, helpless people. 
Of course, you anticipate whom I refer 
to, the immaculate. 

BANKERS. 
Josh Billings said: "Young- man, 
don't g-it down on yur knees before the 
world — if \u do, it won't be long er the 
world will insist on yur giting down a 
peg lower. So if we kneel to the bankers 



it won't be long- ere they'll insist oji us 
begging- on our vest buttons if we are 
fortunate to have any then." 

They have well followed out Josh Bil- 
ling's recipe for making- rei)utations: 
"Tew mak a, big reputashun, giv pub- 
licly and steal privately," and dazzled 
the world with their public gifts. Yes, 
these men are all honorable, and look 
after the interests of the common people 
with all the affectionate care that the 
Avolf lavishes upon the lamb. 'J'hese 
men have United States interest-beai-- 
ing- bonds and under the National Baidc- 
ing- law enacted for their benefit they 
init them in Uncle Sam's hands and 
forthwith issue currency to 90 per cent, 
of the face value thereof, while the 
farmer or store-keeper must put tlieiir 
seciiritles, on A\hich ])erhaps they draw- 
no interest, into the hands of the bank- 
ers, and get but 20 or 25 per cent, of 
their real value and pay seven per cent, 
for it in the bargain. Any man with a 
pennyweight of brains in his head and 
an ounce of candor in his make-U]) will 
admit that the bankers have a rank 
s])ecial privilege. He also knows that 
there is not enoug-h of metallic money 
to meet the demands of business and 
that putting the issuing- of paper curency 
into private hands is a mighty danger- 
ous expedient. Garfield said: "Who- 
ever controls the volume of money of 
any country is absolute master of all 
industry and commerce." Bankers own 
stock in other monopolies, and other 
monopolies own stock in the banks, so 
v.lien the smaller business men need 
money they have to go to their rivals 
to save them, thus the mono])olists have 
been crushing out all their competitors. 
It is imperative that this should be 
stopped. 

When Reed, All ition and others screech 
about Uncle Sam getting out of the 
banking- business they are simjjly try- 
ing- to befog the issue, which is that 
the banks must get out of the govern- 
ing business. The leaders of the G. 
O. P. were bold enough in tiheir last 
convention to urge for the presidency 
a. Londion banker, Levi jMorton. of the 
firm of Morton, Ilose & Co., and repub- 
lican governor of ])lutocraticNew Y^'ork. 
If the republicans succeed this year 
their logical candidate in 1900 will be 
Baron de Bothschiid, the lord high ex- 
ecutioner himself. 

Let the g-overnment issue the ])a- 
per direct to the people and more peo- 
ple will be employed in banking. Rates 
will come down, and the riet earnings 
go to carry on ])iiblic improvements and 
lessen taxes. The jjcople should also 



;\ 



tiiul equikible nienns of gelling- posses- 
sion of the 

RAILROADS, 
and regaining the empires of land 
that hMve been shamelessly graitedto 
scheming corporations styling them- 
selves Union Pacific, Santa 1\', etc., 
^vhere this can be legally done on ac- 
count of broken agreements, violated 
clKirters, etc. In the first place the 
highways of a nation are the peoples'; 
in the second plat^e franchises an- spe- 
cial privileges and sliouldn't be toler- 
ated in a republic; in the third place, 
ihey «in be run more economically by 
t lie government without discrimina- 
tion's to places, houses and combines 
for patronage, and fourth, it would give 
employment to twice the number of 
men now employed therein, raise 
wages, cut the rates to the people, and 
return a. stream of revenue into the 
nation's treasury. Last year the net 
earnings of the railroads in the United 
States were $o22, 539,276. Some Euro- 
])ean countries already own their rail- 
roads. (Germany operates hers, pays 
higher wages than before, employs 13 
men to the mile, while here priA^ate cor- 
|)orations employ but four, and their 
rates have been not only cut down to the 
])eo])le, but considerable amounxs are 
annually paid into the coffers of the 
nation. Carefully compiler! statisticsgive. 
the cost of running 14 cents a mile a 
coach, all told. This includes entire 
outlay of the company, fuel, engineer, 
etc., train and section hands, station 
agents, cost of repairs, stilaries of all 
officials and employes, even covers lobby- 
iiig and bribing at the various seats of 
legislation. As a coach carries 80 on an 
aveixige, it makes the total cost of travel 
a mile ])er person, one-sixth of one cent, 
or six miles for one cent. With such 
rates people could occasionally visit 
their sisters, cousins and aunts. If the 
government ran the railroads, advan- 
tages Avould l)e numerous, more persons 
would be employed, better wages paid, 
shorter hours and millions put into the 
nation's treasury, no tremendous strikes 
threatening to paraly/e trade (whoever 
lieard of a strike in the Post Office?), 
rates would be cut and freight lowered. 
There was a time in '03 w-hen miners 
Av(>re starving and farmers burning 
corn. They couldn't make a profitable 
exchange, because the railroads' was the 
lion's share. With loAver freight, the 
fruit rotting on the trees and ground of 
California could be exchanged for the 
products of our mills and factories, 
providing, of course, if there was a suffi- 
cient medium of exchange (money). 



Over and above all, the earnings 
wouldn't find their way into monopo- 
lists' pockets, to round up in European 
pleasure-seeking, and the purchase of 
monarchial titles. There would be no 
more .$15,000,000 duke transfers. On 
the contrary, the money would be cir- 
culating- among the people. I never saw 
a strong reason urged against the gov- 
ernment ownership of railroads. The 
objection that the government can't do 
it is puerile. Does not the government 
run the Postal business? This putting 
railroads in politics is all nonsense. The 
right kind of civil service will keep 
the machinery in good working order. 
Even now the United States courts run 
many of the largest roads through re- 
ceivers, and the curious pirt of it is 
w-hen the court gets it out of difficulty 
and on a good, paying basis, it turns 't 
over to monopolists and railway kings 
to be wrecked again. A bachelor M-rot-^ 
to a maid, in view of matrimony, of his 
virtues, ond went on to say he was pa- 
tient in afiiiction, as she could tell from 
his large, classical nose. The mafd re- 
plied: "He was patient indeed to bear 
the affliction of that nose 40 years." 
The people are particularly patient to 
stand the beak of the Vampire Monojio- 
lists these many years. Pascal said: 
"If Cleopatra's nose had been a littl? 
shorter, the face of the world would be 
changed." If we would cut off the 
bloodsucking beaks of the banks and 
railroads the face of American civiliza- 
tion Avould be beautiful, its ugly fea- 
tures softened and the w-hole radiate 
with universal joy. 

REFERENDUM AND PROPORTIONAL 
REPRESENTATION. 
As a tree is judged by its fruit, so 
a government should be judged by its 
laws. Why is there so iTiuch special 
legislation on our statute books, and 
so much corruption in office? Because 
the people have little to say about it. 
Their representatives are the masters 
and do as they please; no matter how 
treacherous to their constituency, or 
to what extent they violate the pledges 
on which they secured election, they 
cannot be removed. When another elec- 
tion comes around new questions arise 
and command attention, old wrongs are 
forgotten or lost sight of and other un- 
trustworthy men sneak into office, to 
again do the bidding of monopoly and 
neglect measures that w-ould promote 
the general good. In a discussion over 
the official conduct of a legi-slator, one 
neighbor asked of another what he 
really did, anyhow, and was answered: 
"What has he done? Wby, he built 



/ \ 



two houses and started a store." Is 
not this about all the general run of 
them do? Local and special interests 
are served, the public domain freely 
granted in chunks as larg-e as princi- 
palities without consulting- the owners, 
the people, much less gaining their 
eonsent. The policy of government 
should be to make it as easy as possible 
to do right; to make dishonesty and 
bribery as hard as possible and remove 
unholy temptation. Our present sys- 
tem throws the doors of fraud wide 
open and sets a pi-emium upon di.shon- 
esty and perfidy. The people should 
have the veto pow er over special legis- 
lation and franchises. The talk of 
sending rich men to oftice because they 
don't need bribe money is all bosh. 
They may be honorary (onerary) and 
chaste, but are not the common people 
intelligent and chased; the patches on 
their trotisers seem to say so. The dogs 
of special legislation are ravenous and 
cunning, lender normal couditions, 
such as existed in the early days of the 
republic, when the country could boast 
of a sterling-charactered yeomanry, and 
before property was exalted and labor 
degraded, when wealth was fairly well 
distributed and ere ^Mammon and his 
withering creed held sway o'er the na- 
tion, it was not so much needed; but 
now, since manhood ha.s l)een so under- 
mined, wealth so centralized, and cor- 
porate interests so inimical to the com- 
mon welfare, it is a crying demand of 
the times. There will be no bribery and 
deals when there are no franchises to 
give away, and no selling of votes when 
the votes do not insure the delivery of 
the goods. Xo, let the people take a 
hand in legislation. They have been 
frozen out long enough. Adopt that 
statesmanlike, scientific, efficacious re- 
form, the initiative and referendum, 
h\ ^^ hich the ])eo])le can initiate beiie- 
ticial legislation by po))ular petition, 
and also, when desirable, compel the 
submission of any law to the great jury 
of the peo})le for approval or rejection. 
Then no such lobby poetry as the fol- 
lowing would be inspired: 

"Midas, they say, possessed the art, of old, 
Of turning whatsoe'er he touched to gold; 
Modern monopolists reverse it with ease, 
Touch with gold and turn 'em as they 

please." 
Campaigns would then reach a max- 
iinnm of education and a minimum of 
])ers,onalities. This law should be sup- 
plemented with the imperial mandate 
by which obnoxious officials could be 
recalled during their tenure of office. 
It should also be supplemented by civil 
service and proportional representa- 



tion, by which the legislature and gov- 
ernment would be a true counterpart 
of the people. Each party would be 
represented in the halls of legislation 
to the force and extent manifested in 
the elections; no more, no less. Xo im; 
aginary lines of district boundaries ai'e 
to be allowed to disfranchise minori- 
ties and rob them of a voice in the gov- 
ernment. The senate committee on rep- 
resentation once reported: "Propor- 
tional representation is a system of 
great merit." Our system of districts 
you readily see can be so arranged by 
the party of power at the time of dis- 
tricting, so as to capture for the party 
as many of the districts as possible. 
If 100,000 votes are cast and say 20 sen- 
ators are to be elected, 5,000 should be 
sufficient to elect one. If there are four 
parties, republican party casts 35,000 
the democrats 30,000, the populists f?5.- 
000 a.nd the prohibitionists 10,000 votes; 
the repul)licans under our present sys- 
tem would likely elect all the senators, 
while the other 65,000 people wouldn't 
be represented at all, whereas an equit- 
able division would be seven repub- 
licans, six democrats, five populists and 
two proihibitionists. Garfield showed in 
the lower house, in '70, the non-effective- 
ness of the vote and annihilation of the 
freeman's will: "In my judgment it is 
the weak point in representative gov- 
ernment, as now organized, that a large 
portion of the people are disfranchised. 
There are 10,000 democrats in my dis- 
trict voting year after year without 
any more hope of having a representa- 
tive on this floor than in the commons 
cf Great Britain." Gerrymandering 
should cease. It is high time the gov- 
ernment should cease holding- ixp such 
examples of injustice to the eyes of its 
citizens. All these systems work splen- 
didly in Switzerland, in several Eu- 
ropean and American cities. "\Yherever 
tried it has proven a signal success. 
They verily could be called the acme 
])urifiers of politics and legislation. 
When put in use the poet will feel com- 
[lelled to reverse his lines about the 
world. After saying this is a pretty 
good place to live in, he went on: 



"But to borrow or beg or get one's own, 
It's the worst world that ever was 
known." 

WAR AND EDUCATION. 
"Were half the power that fills the world 
with terror, 
Were half the wealth bestowed on 
camps and courts, 
Given to redeem the mind from error. 
There were no need of arsenals and 
forts." 
War, the wholesale murder of fathers, 
husbands, brothers and sons, should 



9 



be (liscouragecL Othello's occupation 
slioukl be changed to the sohooliua.ster. 
The cxi>enclitiire of our War and jS'avy 
departments in '93 Avas $79,817,857— $49,- 
041,492 more than the expenses of main- 
taining- the ])ublic school system of the 
combined divisions of the South jVtlan- 
tic. South Central and Western States. 
This excess for war, too, while the illit- 
erate above the ag-e of ten, according- to 
the 1890 census, averag-ed, over 22 per 
cent. l'>rig-ham Young- said: "li tali's 
greatest resources were its women." 
And Brig-ham not only knew the re- 
sources of his state but also how to 
husband them, even if he was Young-. 
We should have less military and more 
education, so t'hat the rising- citizens of 
our states coidd know more of the g-ov- 
ernment under which they live, its re- 
sources and how to husband them. A 
word as to the character of education. 
It should not be a cramming process, 
and sliould be made as ag-reeable as pos- 
sible. 1 often think the jjupils would g-et 
along- as well and enjoy it more if they 
]/ut less dates in their heads and more 
in their stomachs. Education shoidd 
flavor of the original significance of the 
Latin term, e, out, duco, to lead; to lead 
the inner man into outer life. More 
consideration should be given to the 
unfolding- of the character. The educa- 
tion should also be practical, with less 
lang-uages, dead or living, (one tongue 
is sutTicient, especiall}' for women), 
geometry, etc., and more of that which 
bears on humanity and everyday life, 
physically, mentally, morally, political- 
ly, industrially, commercially, socially. 
A comjjany of jokers were passing re- 
marks ujjon the shortness of a certain 
nuin's legs and one propounded: "How 
long -should a man's legs be, anj^how?" 
Bin Nye replied: "Long enough to 
reach the ground." So our education 
should reach the terra tirma of citizen- 
ship and the laws that govern the 
growth and health of the bodj% mind, 
society and the state should be taught 
and understood. Then if we had an 
aristocracy it would be of nature's creat- 
ing-. It would differ from t.hat described 
in Pope's lines: 

"Virtue they find too painful an endeavor, 
And content themselves with decencies 
forever." 

But an all-pervading aristocracj' of 
brains and character. 

Other questions, such as alien owner- 
shi]) of our land, (English and Scotch 
hold 20,000.000 acres, a Hollond syndi- 
cate "j.OOO.OOO, and a German 2,000,000,) 
postal savings banks, good roads, gov- 
ernment banking, land, and suffrage 



(.Miss representation in Congress would 
not be as bad as our present Mr. mis- 
representation), with just this reminder 
of the liquor traffic in the unique ver- 
biage of Mrs. Malaprop "intemperance is 
a monster with many heads, and creeps 
into the family like any conda or alli- 
gator and destroys its peace and hajipi- 
ness forever. But thank heaven a new 
Erie has dawned upon the world and 
soon the hydrant-headed monster will 
be overturned. Isn't it strange that 
men will put enemies in their mouths 
to steal away their heads?" will be 
skipped, to come to money — the great- 
est question that now agitates the pub- 
lic mind, the one that disrupted the po- 
litical parties and arrayed ])lutocracy 
against the commonalty. The 

UNMISTAKABLE ISSUE 
( r the pending campaign is whether 
we want a gold standard, gold bonds 
and bank currency, or a bimetallic 
standard, government currency and no 
bonds, especiallj' in time of peace. The 
republican party stands for the former, 
the Jefferson ian democrats, Lincolnian 
republicans and populists for the lat- 
ter. Let tis take a resume of financial 
history, state irrefrag'tble facts ' and 
draw the inevitable conclusions. In 
1792, with almost the first breath of 
national life, congress, acting on the 
report of Hamilton, concurred in by 
Jefferson, provided the young repub- 
lic with a bimetallic system of money 
at the ratio of fifteen to one, made the 
silver dollar . of 371^4 grains of pure 
silver the unit of value. In 1S34 the 
ratio was changed to 15.9SS (called six- 
teen) to one, but left the unit as before. 
Our daddies decided that in case of a 
change in the legal ratio the change 
.should be made in the rich man's money. 
Besides gold is more portable, and the 
same quantity is 16 times as valuable as 
silver, and instead of circulating- ac- 
cumulates in vaults, etc. In 1853 a law- 
was passed changing the weight, etc., 
of fractional coins and limiting their 
legal tender to five dollars, but still 
left the standard dollar unchanged. In 
1373, without a word of warning and 
with the sneaking stealth of a midnight 
thief, John Sherman sli])ped through 
congress an act under the unpreten- 
tious title of "an act revising- and amend- 
ing the laws relative to the mint, assay 
ofRces and coinage," which in effect 
struck down about half the supply of 
our money. This assassination of sil- 
ver is the crime that, like Banquo's 
ghost, will not down, though the sheets 
of otir dailies, which are likened to cot- 
ton sheets, because so many lie in 



10 



tiuMU, has ofttMi pi'onoimcod it dead, 
written its epitaj)!!: "Lunacy, once 
ciazy, now dead." It still walks the 
i:if>ht and consigns to fast in the fires 
ol public condemnation Cleveland, Sher- 
man et al., till the foul crime done in 
its days of nature are burned and imrged 
iiway in its complete remonetization. 

Why did they do it? The answer is 
])lain as way to parish church. 
The large holders of money and credits 
have alwaj'shad their bloody hands u[X)n 
the fair throat of legislation; being 
alert as to what affects their interests 
and immutably concerned in making 
money (their property) scarce. Scarce 
money means dear money, and dear 
money means cheap property. David 
ITume, the historian, says: "It is the 
proportion between the circulating 
money and the commodities in themar- 
Ivct that determines ])rices." Ricardo 
and a host of economists agree with 
him; btit, bringing in the opinions of 
noted thinkers on this point is like 
citing authorities on two and twomalve 
four. In 1816 England, at tlie instance 
of the incipient money power, went 
to a gold basis. By the same insidous in- 
fluence Germany went to a silver basis 
in 1857, as the discoveries of gold in 
California indicated an increasing sup- 
])ly of that metal. But later the gold 
supply diminished, while silver in- 
creased year after year. This led 
Germany to demonetize silver, making 
the first step in that direction in 1871, 
and completing it in 1873; the same 
year France and the United States de- 
monetized it. No satisfactory explana- 
tion has ever been advanced for these 
acts, so vitally affecting property' and 
business. It was done so sleek here that 
no one understood that was the purport 
of the innocent-looking bill excepting 
Sherman and a few others. President 
Grant didn't know that it demonetized 
silver till long after the trick was ac- 
complished, and said he wouldn't have 
signed it had he known its intent. From 
that day the money power has been 
growing stronger and absorbing the 
wealth of nations, till to-day it is tre- 
mendous. The house of Rothschild con- 
trol $2,000,000,000 of property, one-half 
in money and bonds and paper immedi- 
ately convertible therein. The entire 
stock of gold in the ^vorld is $4,080,800,- 
000, so (he house of Rothschild controls 
one-quarter of the gold in the world. 
Croesus wouldn't be in it to-day. Chaun- 
cey ]\rontebank Depew said at a ban- 
quet of magnates in New York not long 
since that they had a combination down 
there that could stop every wheel of 



industry in the land in 48 hours, and 
bring such a pressure to bear on con- 
gress that it dare not resist its de- 
mands. My countrymen, we have now 
met this monster face to face; the 
gauntlet has been picked up, and fight 
we must. The enemy is now upon us 
in the disguise of protection and "sound 
money." Shall this be a government of 
the pampered few? or be in fact "The 
land of the free and home of the brave?" 
DEMONETIZATION CONSEQUENCES. 

Let's trace: The demonetization of 
silver apd the destruction of greenbacks 
most certainly caused the panic and 
hard times of 1873 to 1877. No change 
of tariff schedules induced it. The ever 
operative law of supply and demand 
affects the value of gold. The coinage 
of silver about equaled that of gold. 
The demand for both, as the people were 
developing the vast resources of the 
country, was great and increasing. 
Therefore, cutting the supjjly of money 
one-half meant great appreciation of the 
remainder, though ijerhajis not 50 per 
cent, at once. The gold then in circula- 
tion must be taken into consideration. 
At that time, though, little was circu- 
lating, as it was before the resumption 
of specie payments and Germany had 
just started to a gold basis, taking- 
most of the floating gold of this and 
other countries. This check in the 
money supply started the money strin- 
gency. As a matter of course prices 
fell, and falling prices caused loss and 
business demoralization; they in turn 
destroyed confidence, making a full- 
fledged panic. 

This panic was not relieved till 1878, 
when the Bland-Allison act was passed 
through the agitation that took place 
in behalf of more money. This com- 
promise act (Bland intro<luced a free 
coinage measure) provided for the pur- 
chase and coinage of silver of not less 
than 2,000,000 nor more than 4,000,000 
ounces a month. This checked the 
downward tendency of prices and 
revived business. This law was vetoed 
by President Hayes and the adminis- 
tration was hostile to it, and Sherman, 
secretary of the treasury, instead of 
coining 4.000,000 per month barely 
coined the minimum, and did in con- 
junction with banks everything in 
their power to discredit the silver dol- 
lar, and called it, like their hii-elings do 
now, cheap and dishonest and excluded 
it form the New York clearing house. 
In 1SS2 the banks began to contract 
their circulation and thus neutralized 
the Bland law. Prices began to drop 
and we again drifted into depression. 



11 



As most of the European nations were 
also on a gold basis prices fell there. 
Distress was getting widespread and 
intense and Great Britain appointed a 
commission to investigate the depres- 
sion of the kingdom. It reported the 
depression was universal in Europe and 
America, and iixed its commencement 
lit ISTIi, and advised a commission for 
looking' into the silver question. So in 
18S7 the Jlo.val Gold and Silver commis- 
sion was t'reated. It also reiwrted 
business stagnation, beg-inning about 
1S73; that prices fell on an average 30 
per cent, and that the divergence of gold 
and silver was due to the demonetiza- 
tion of that year. It also showed that 
silver fell tls measured in gold 30 per 
rent., but that silver as measured in 
other c<mimodities had not fallen, but 
woidd exchange for the same quantity 
(if other goods as formerly. This indi- 
cates that in silver standard countries 
prices have not fallen, Avhich means 
business prosperity. Let's apply the 
Touchstone of actual fact and see if 
this is correct. In India, a silver-using 
country, cotton manufacturing has 
gone on at a surpassing rate and cotton 
and wheat exports have been increasing. 
In 1873 there were 450,000 spindles in 
India, in 1886 1,700,000 and in 1894 4,- 
OdO.OOO. In 1873 she exported less than 
1,000,000 bushels of wheat, in 1886 40,- 
000,000 and now 50,000,000, while the 
I'nited States exports have fallen from 
$150,712,509 in 1881 to $55,131,948 in 
1891. This is how the thing worked in 
regard to the discrimination in our 
trade. India, while she sold her prod- 
uce for less in England, a gold market, 
she purchased articles she needed there, 
as they were cheaper, thus evening u]). 
T?ut. further, as silver was cheaper, mer- 
chants could buy more of it with their 
sovereigns and take it to India, where 
it could be converted into ruppees and 
ruppees would go as far as ever in 
India. This was an inducement to open 
cotton mills and other manufactures in 
the orient. Thus you see how the gold 
standard has been even from the out- 
side crippling our industries. 

RARING FAILURE AND SHERMAN 
LAW. 
.\s other things w-ere favorable we 
struggled along till Baring Brothers 
failed in 1889 and shook the very founda- 
tion of the money centers of London 
i.nd the world. So limited is the ])ri- 
Tiiary money of the world when it comf s 
lo settlement of debts. The Bank of 
England was hard pressed and bor- 
rowed $15,000,000 from France, and 
American securities were dumped upon 



our markets. The I'nited States was 
even threatened, but, happily, the Sher- 
man bill was passed in 1890, making it 
compulsory on the United Stales to 
buy 4,500,000 ounces of silver per month. 
The senate passed a free coinage act. 
Although it is believed the house fa- 
vored it, yet. the administration was 
against it and put the question off with 
the Sherman compromise. Had Harri- 
son, Iveed and other leading republicans 
done their duty (a thing they know 
little of and care less) the silver ques- 
tion would have been settled and the 
panic and hard times averted. As it 
was, this law added to our money slock 
about $50,000,000 a year, which supplied 
the place of the gold sent abroad on 
account of the Baring failure and Aus- 
tria's wanting gold on account of her 
changing her monetary system. This 
law, you see, supplied the drain, kept 
up the volume of money and sustained 
prices and business. But in 1893 Cleve- 
lalid, elected as he was on a platform 
essentially bimetallic, immed lately u])on 
taking his seat, as the tool and at the 
behest of this unholy money power, 
summoned congress in special session 
to repeal this law that was pouring 
$50,000,000 annually into the parched 
channels of trade. The angelic bank- 
ers, to give this queer, high-handed pro- 
ceeding the color of common decency 
sent out the following circular urging 
bankers to squeeze business men and 
make them think it is all due to want 
of confidence in the stability of our 
government on account of the Sherman 
law. O, Simple Simon business man. 
how cruelly hast thou been cajoled? 
A law putting $50,000,000 of blood to cir- 
culate throiigh the industrial system, 
making the body politic languish. 
Think on it. O. l)rethren, ere your 
sleepless nights compel thee to — 
$50,000,000 annually and not a dol- 
lar below par; never in the history 
of the country. Even admitting, for 
sake of argument, tihe standard dollar 
wasn't as good as it might be. yet every- 
body knows that a large amount of 
silver can be used and maintained with 
g'old as a fellow metal and that silver 
will do its function though overvalued 
by legal ratio. Even little Xetherlands, 
a gold country like the United States, 
sustains a per capita circulation of 
$12.09 silver to but $5.87 of gold at about 
151/0 to 1. Don't you think, brother 
buisiness man. that the United States 
with $9.09 in gold could not g-o more 
than .$9.08 in silver with a ratio at six- 
teen to one. If Netherlands can keep 
$12.09 at par on $5.87 the United States 



12 



oould easy keep 17 of silver to 9.09 of 
gold so that the frig-htful Sherman law 
might be doubled and yet require agen- 
erationmoretoreachthatratioas gold is 
continually being added to our stock. 
'Po think that business should be so 
h(X)dooed is one of the miracles of the 
lattT day saints, alias baaikers. The next 
time a banker offers you snuff, say "No, 
thank you, the last time I took your 
liinih I blew the profits out of my busi- 
ness." 

BONDS AND NATIONAL DEBT. 

The circular referred to — issued March 
].2, 1893, by the Bankers association 
io the national banks: 

"Dear Sir: The interests of national 
bankers require immediate financial leg- 
islation by congress. Silver, silver cer- 
tificates and treasury notes must be re- 
tired and the national bank notes upon a 
gold basis made the only money. This 
will requirie the authorization of $500,000,000 
of bonds as a basis of circulation. You will 
at once retire one-third of your circulation 
and call in one-half of your loans. Be care- 
ful to make a money stringency felt among 
patrons. Advocate an extra session for 
the repeal of the Sherman law and act 
with other banks of your city in securing 
a petition to congrgess for its uncondition- 
al repeal, per accompanying form. Use 
personal influence with congressmen and 
senators. The future life of national banks 
as fixed investments depends upon imme- 
diate action, as there is an increasing sen- 
timent in favor of government notes and 
silver coinage." 

Their lackey press took up the hue 
and cr}' against silver and wantof confi- 
dence. It was no tariff panic; bankers 
didn't say so. Xo true statesman said 
so, and old Sherman, who has been 
aj)tly termed the Mephistopheles of 
hnance, said in the debate on the re- 
peal: "In ten days the skies will 
brighten, business will resume its or- 
dinary course and the clouds that lower 
upon our house will be in the deep 
bosom of the ocean buried." Well, they 
succeeded in repealing it, but times 
have htxn getting worse and worse and 
instead of the clotnls that lower over otir 
house being in the bosom of the ocean 
buried, we ourselves are being swal- 
lowed up in the Red Sea of Bankruptcy 
and distre'is. But the bankers have 
gotten already more than half their 
$.500,000,000 of bonds for their fleecing 
basis. The administration has issued 
.$202,000,000 bonds and thinks seriously 
of issuing more. Not only this, but it 
has the. brazen effrontery' of infernal 
treason to intimate that our greenbacks 
should all Ik? retired from circtilation. 
Fellow citizens where is the end? Into 
v> hat Dantiean regions is this Cleveland, 
Bankers. McKinley, Rothschilds syndi- 
cate to lead us? It's time we were 



striking for our families, liberty and 
our native land. The scene reminds nu- 
of Mrs. Partington and Isaac. Ike \va^ 
bolting a whole pie and she exclaimed: 
"Don't be so glutinous, dear, or you'll 
get something in your elementary canal 
or sarcophagus one of these days that 
will kill you." If these bankers and 
plutocrats persist in being so ravenous 
they will get something into their 
saroophagus, and it will be done with 
mighty little ceremony, too. 

It will require in principal and 'n- 
terest .$500,000,000 to pay for the bonds 
so far issued and we've derived no ben- 
efit from it whatever. A lady wishing 
to preserve some small lieer asked her 
butler what was the best way to save 
it and he, very business-like, replied: 
"Put a barrel of good ale alongside of 
il." The way to save our gold reserve 
is to put lots of silver alongside of it. 
The Tnited States could have coined the 
seigniorage in the treasury, (it lay there 
idle to the extent or tens of millions) or 
issued certificates therefor, or even is- 
sued greenbacks. If Bankers and For- 
eigners will pay a premium for our 
Bonds (payable in coin, g-old or silver) 
I guesis the people will take their own 
oreenbacks at par. Right here lets make 
another comparison. Spain ha.s 2.20 
in gold per capita and floats at nar 
11. SI in paper; Ca.nada. 1.92 in gold and 
7.04 in pai>er; the United States has 
9.09 in gold and we've only 6.90 in paper. 
See how many htmdreds of millions 
we could safely have issued. That this 
issuing of bonds in times of peace is 
defended seems to me to add insult to 
injury, and shows their crocodile posi- 
tion towards our free institutions. Do 
you know it takes more of the products 
of labor to pay our national debt now 
than it would right after the war? In 
'06 it was .$2.S27,sr)8.9.')9, since then we've 
paid in interest alone $2,035,000,000 and 
appliiKl the further sum of $1,700,000.- 
000 upon the principal, making a total 
of $4,335,000,000, but still we owe Sl,- 
237.500, and the eminent historian. Dr. 
Red path, has figured that even this re- 
mainder of the debt is worth more to 
it~s bloated holders than the entire debt 
in 1806, and that to pay it off now re- 
quires 51,339,000 more barrels of pork, 
046,000,000 more bushels of wheat, 425,- 
000,000 more pounds of cotton or 4,496,- 
OOO.OOOmore poundsof bar iron than itdid 
March 1. 1866, when the nominal amount 
was 2^4 times greater than now and 
after we have already paid on it almost 
twice the original sum. "The people 
have paid and paid for 30 years and in 
the end have paid just this — Nothing." 



13 



IJouse ye. Amea-icons, oi- ye'll sui-i-ly bo 
slaves Avithout a home. Are ye satis- 
fied -svith the present conditions and 
going to vote for Mc-Kinley and their 
continuance? ^'o, rise in your might 
while you have the omnipotent ballot 
in your hands and in the name of Hu- 
manity demand deliverance from this 
all-devouring money power. 
SHAVER 
Is the \)eople"s money. It circulates 
among the people. Gold is the money of 
the classes and is kept for reserves, and 
finds its way into vaults and hidden 
corners. It is easily cornered, and all 
of it can be j)ut in a room of 22 cubic 
feet. What are soiue of their snake ar- 
guments against silver? That it is a 
cheap money. The money use of these 
precious metals constitutes almost 50 
per cent, of the entire use. About 1873 
the arts used less than 50 iier cent. 
Therefore, when the use of silver as 
money was surreptitiously taken away, 
the demand for it fell over 50 per cent., 
and the demand falling, the price liad to 
fall also. Some j)eople are so impreg- 
nated with the idea that law can't put 
\alne into anything, as to lose their rea- 
son on the subject. The silver advo- 
cates don't want the United States to 
say that silver is worth so much, but 
they simply want the United States to 
o])en its mints to silver as it does to 
gold. That is, make it possible to con- 
vert silver into money, and as there is 
an insatiate, I might say, demand, for 
money, the law of supply and domand 
would come in and do the rest. An il- 
lustration: Congress wouldn't raise the 
value of lumber by saying it should be 
$100 a foot. But suppose Congress (if 
it had the power) should say that lum- 
ber shall not be used for anything but 
matches, under penalty of imprison- 
ment, how much do you suppose the 
lumber in our lumber-yards would bo 
worth? This is exactly what Congress 
did with silver. It took away its free 
access to the mints and limited its use 
to small change. Now, in the case of 
lumber, other building materials, such 
as brick and stone, would rise in vahio, 
as there would be a greater demand for 
them, as they would have to take the 
])lace of lumber. Likewise, gold went 
u]i when it had to meet the old demand 
of both gold and silver. These pluto- 
crats who demonetized silver, and now- 
set up the cry of cheap money, have 
literally smitten Silver, the star-eyed 
(loddess of ])ros]^rity on both cheeks, 
and rai.sed the suspicion that the god- 
dess blushes because of other im])roper 
conduct. But in spite of this da.stardly 



treatment, silvei' valiantly holds it.'- own. 
in its relation to other comiuodities. 
An ounce of silver will buy as much col- 
ton, corn, wheat, iron, labor, etc , as it 
ever would. Here is a table: 

Year. Wheat, bu. Cotton, lbs. Silver, oz. 

1S73 1.25 18.2 1.2!» 

1S76 1.20 12.9 • 1.15 

1879 1.07 9.9 1.12 

1882 1.19 11.4 1.13 

1885 86 10.6 1.06 

1888 85 9.8 .93 

1891 85 10.0 .90 

1892 80 8.7 .86 

1893 63 7.0 .72 " 

This table shows conclusively that 
gold must have appreciated. Mr. (iiffin, 
statistician of the London board of 
trade, a goldbug, admits that gold has 1 
doubled in purchasing power. In re- 
gard to the lumber illustration, it must 
not be forgotten that the demand for 
money is always at a tension, while in 
building it isn't, and again that the 
supply of gold is limited, and that of 
brick and stone is not. The charge has 
also been made that silver has fallen in 
value because of improvements in and 
cheapness of its mining. But about the 
same kind of machinery is used in the 
mining of gold, and as gold mining has 
been stimulated by its rising value, the 
improvements and inventions therein 
are a little in advance of silver mining. 
Yet gold hasn't come down. Carlisle 
said in Congress in 1878 that he be- 
lieved the variance between gold and 
silver teniporary, and that the single 
or united action of nations interested 
therein would establish the old ratir> 
firmer than ever, and that mankind 
would be fortunate if the production of 
gold and silver would keep pace with 
the increase in population, commerce 
and industry, and continued: '"This 
conspiracj^ which seems to have been 
formed here and in Europe to destroy 
one-half of the metallic money of the 
M'orld is the most gigantic crime of any 
age, and its consummation would entail 
more misery than war, ])estilencc and 
famine." This Judas Iscariot of democ- 
racy, who hasn't manhood enough to 
hang himself, now says that the demon- 
etization of silver in 1S73 was but the 
recognition of a condition that exi.sted. 
that is, silver was getting so cheap and 
plentiful. This, too. in the face of the 
iindeniable fact that silver was worth 
three per cent, more than gold the very 
day it was demonetized, and the relative 
output of these metals in weight didn't 
exceed sixteen to one till 1882, nine years 
after the passage of the nefarious act. 
The world's output in 1S73 was: gold. 
.$96,200,000; silver, $81,800,000. Here is 

.14 



n, table of the output from i;'.>:2 to 
i892: 

Year. Gold. Silver. 

17'j2-1J<00 $106,407,000 $328,800,000 

1801-10 118,152,000 371,677,000 

1811-20 76,063,000 224,786,000 

15,21-SO 94,479,000 i;il,444,00(i 

1831-40 134,841,000 247,930,000 

1^41-48 291,144,000 25y,520,00ri 

1851 67,000,000 40,000,000 

1S61 113,800,000 44,700.011(1 

1871 107,000,000 61,050,0m) 

ISSl 103,000,000 102,000,000 

1885 108,400,000 11S,.500,000 

ISnO 118,849,000 172,235,000 

1892 138,861,000 196,459,000 

Total 15,633,908,000 $5,004,961,000 

In 1895 it was: gold, .•T;iTy,9G5,GU0; sil- 
ver, $215,404,000. While silver had as 
free access to the mints as g'old, it varied 
little from sixteen to one in value; from 
1('S7 to 1S7;5 it never reached hig-her 
than 16. 17-100 to 1. The reason is clear, 
there is such an ever increasing- demand 
tor money (\vhen silver can be con- 
verted into money the demand extends 
to silver) the value- will be sustained. 
.Metals that vary as litte as silver and 
j^okl did during 200 years of equality, 
when the relative outputs changed froni 
time to time, changing- from three of 
silver to one of g-old, from 1790 to 1840, 
and from two of gold to one of silver 
from 1340 to 187.'J, make good money 
;incl the moment silver is restored to its 
former equality with g-old the old ratio 
will be easily maintained. There is in 
the world to-day but 15^^ to 16 times 
the amount of silver that there is of 
gold. Silver as well as gold is the money 
of the constit\ition, of our daddies, the 
common people and ])rosperity. Let's 
have more of it. There never can be a 
general and substantial rise (though 
there may be a local and temporary) 
in prices and property without an in- 
crease in the volume of money. Some 
say falling- prices are due to inventions 
and machinery, but wasn't the intro- 
duction of machinery between 1S60 and 
1873, relatively as great as between 
1S73 and 1896? Yet prices rose 22 per 
cent, in the former period and fe'l 30 
up to 1893. Since then, in the varnacular 
of Pat, they hev tak'n da dangdest fall 
.since the fall of Adam. 
:movement of prices in oold. 

Year. Foods. Metals. AH prices. 

1872 122.2 117.3 127 2 

1875 IIG.O 104.4 113.4 

1878 r5.5 ?0.8 9f).9 

1881 lin.9 91.1 105.7 

1884 10S.9 81.0 9t.4 

1S.<57 IOi.2 74.9 92. G 

1S91 103.9 74.9 92.4 

Others claim overproduction is the 
cause of our distress. Overproduction! 
When millions are going- aronnd half 
clad and half fed. When we hear such 
talk it's evident the Fool Killer must 
have run up against the long and short 



man in some dark alley. No, it is under 

consumption, persons w ear one suit for 

years, where before tiiey'd have a now 

.•>uit for every season. They haven't 

the wherewith to buy. Here is a table 

of consumption of staple articles per 

capita ;n the I'nited States: 

Year. Cotton, lbs. Corn, bu. 

1892 24.03 30.33 

1S93 17.17 23.66 

1894 15.91 22.76 

Year. Wheat, bu. Coffee, lbs. Wine. 

1892 ..5.91 9.63 .44 

1893 4.85 8.21 .48 

1894 3.41 8.01 .31 

Xo! Under-consumption. The only 
overproduction is tramps and million- 
aires. It's right in order, though, for 
some of these penny-in-the-slot-get- 
what-you-want professors to demon- 
strate with their mathematical certain- 
ties that this consuming- of less g-oods 
is due to the improved methods of eat- 
ing-, less waste, etc. So many board 
out no^v — in parks and highways. 

Iiig'ht here let me touch on McKinley's 
star sentence (granrlstand l)lay) : "It 
is better to open the mills to the labor 
of America than to open the mints of 
the United States to the silver of the 
world." If McKinley wasn't the tool 
of the money power, he'd be consistent 
enough to protect silver mining-, one of 
the greatest industries of the west. 
They would employ labor which in turn 
would need food, clothing-, furniture, 
etc. Open our mills. But will McKinley 
inform us how industries can be run 
without money? If he says: "On 
credit."' why don't they run now? I 
think I showed under "Protection,"' that 
the McKinley and Wilson bills would al- 
most be taken for twins, but does rais- 
ing the tariff do away with the neces- 
sity of money? If not, his remedy is 
inadequate, for he ignores the scarcity 
of money. All ought to know money is 
needed to carry on industry and trade, 
and without silver there's practically 
no money for that purpose. One 
doesn't meet a gold piece in a month's 
journey. The merchants who are stoop- 
ing- to the ^fexican dollar trick-mule 
performances and railing against sil- 
ver are stabbing- their best friend. The 
opjjosition coruscate many g-ems of 
consistency, such as "Law^ can't add 
value toanything-"and"thissilverheresy 
will simply enrich the silver mine own- 
ers." They also say the silver dollar is 
only worth 53 cents.yet they won't take 99 
cents for one. (Silver, bear in mind, is 
no more redeemable in gold than gold 
is in silver.) But the ko-i-noor of these 
brilliant gems is that "All the United 
States can do is to stamp the weight and 
fineness of the metal on the coin, law be- 

15 



ing l)0^vel•less to ^'we valiif to anythinf^-. 
Yet they tell us they want an interna- 
tional agreement; that is. they think if 
i:nglanri and Oerniany will also stamp 
weight and fineness on silver the 53 
eents of silver will climb to 100 cents. 
l!iit these men view consistency in the 
same light as the church sewing society 
views silence; something not to be tol- 
erated. 

ICdward .\tkinson. the bull i)up of 
phitocracy, says if us half-witted and 
idiotic followers of Jetferson and Lin- 
coln succeed in getting free coinage 
we'll have a flood of silver and terribly 
depreciated money. It never troubles 
this pugnacious, flea-flavored barker 
to point out where this vast reservoir 
of silver is. Even if we have a flood of 
silver, isn't that better than a dearth 
of gold? How much silver available for 
money is there in the world? The last 
mint rejjort estimated it at $4,070,500,- 
(100. I{us.sia and Egypt have $6.31,200,- 
000 of it in subsidiary coin in ratios 
from 12.90 to 15.()5 to 1. Therefore, 
we would get none of that. There is 
$;i.-)0,000.000 in India, $115,000,000 in 
China, $(iS,00(),0()0 in Japan. Asia has 
N00,()00,000 inhabitants, making its 
money about $2.50 per capita, and little 
or no gold. Eurojie has 400,000,000 
population and $1,000,000,000 full legal 
tender silver, or .$2.50 per capita. These 
people cannot get along without any 
money at all ; in fact, it is hard to imag- 
ine them getting along with any less. 
Who could collect this silver, distribu- 
ted as it is among 1,200.000,000 people 
of all shades of color, language, politics 
and religion, and every j)erson averag- 
ing over seven acres of territory? What 
would be exchanged for the silver? 
(lold? Xo, for there is no more gold 
than silver in the world, so the exchange 
would be even. In goods? In that 
case, business would be benefited to 
meet the demand for wares, etc. But 
why go on? It would be as imiiossible 
to get all this silver into the (Tnited 
States as to get all the water, creeks, 
etc.. of the globe into the Atlantic ocean. 
As the prosjjectsof rain from this source 
are confessedly slim, let us turn to the 
annual output. In 1894 it was 167. 752,- 
."•61 ounces. This was not fully traced 
to its ultimate use, but it can be esti- 
mated approxinuitely. About 100,000,- 
000 ounces went to the coinages of the 
difi'erent countries, and the remainder 
to the arts and manufactures. Now, 
then, if we had free coinage, we proba- 
bly would get the major portion. If 
we got 80,000,000 ounces, which is four- 
fifths of the coinage of the world, we 



would only he getting, at $1.20 an ounce. 
$100,000,000; this, distributed amon.g 
71,000,000 people, would be about $1.40 
per person. Sir Hector M. Hay, a mem- 
ber of the largest bullion business firm 
in the world, said last j-ear that "the 
visible supply of silver in Europe didn't 
exceed £3,000,000." So, you see, from 
all sources the per capita wouldn't be 
raised to but $1.65. Do you think we 
need an ark for such a deluge? Our in- 
crea,sing population, industry and com- 
merce can take care of all and cry for 
more. 

PER CAPITA TABLE. 

Gold. Silver. Paper. Total. 
United States... 9.09 9.08 6.90 20. 07 
United K'gdom.14.18 2.88 2.92 19. ^'S' 

France 21.54 12.85 2.31 36.70 

Germany 12.65 4.35 1.78 IS. 78 

Belgium 8.87 8.85 8.26 25.98 

Austria 3.00 2.81 3.38 

Mexico 41 4.13 .17 4.71 

Ee-ypt 17.65 2.20 19.85 

Greece 23 1.36 19.09 20.68 

Netherlands .... 5.87 12.02 7.64 25.53 
Portugal 8.27 5.28 11.81 25.36 

From above it is seen our per capita is 
less than Belgium, Portugal, France and 
Netherlands. Although ours is figured 
at $25.07 yet, deducting the amount of 
money lost, destroyed and melted down 
by smiths and uKinufacturers, which 
was estimated at about $4,000,000 in the 
single year 1890, the amount taken 
abroad by tourists, etc., will bring 
it below $20. I think tTie Americans can 
stand a few more dollars. I've seen men 
with a biigg'er load than that, and they 
managed to live through it. In fact, the 
days of our greatest prosperity was 
when we had over $50 per capita, after 
the war. In estimating the circulation 
of that })eriod I don't overlook flu $700.- 
000.000 or $800,000,000 United States 
T-.'JO bonds, which were in small denomi- 
nations aiid legal tender. The Director 
of the mint misrepresents the facts by- 
not stating' this fact in the tables of 
those years, just like the goldbug niis- 
re]iresentations of the silver dollars 
coined prior to 187.3. They state only 
$8,000,000 silver dollars were coined, 
leaving the inference that that was all 
the silver the Ignited States were using 
under bimetallism, when the facts are. 
$8,000,000 was coined in silver dollars. 
$1.35,000,000 in fractional coins and $100,- 
000.000 of the silver coins of other coun- 
tries were circtdating as legal tender 
by virtue of United States laws. Prof. 
Langhlin, head of the economic depart- 
ment of the Standard Oil literary 
bureau, sometimes called out of respect 
for learning the Chicago University, 
says we don't need so much money as 
formerly, banking facilities are such, 
etc. Well, there has been no improve- 

16 



ments in banking- since 1873. Prior 
thereto we had a circulation of over $50 
per capita (no more than it would no\\ 
be with the world's silver within our 
borders), and times ^vere never better. 
He also says that credits now gener- 
ally take the place of money. If so, it 
is a grievous fault and on-ievously have 
we suffered from it^ Let's examine. 
Credit depends upon in the last analy- 
sis whether the person has money 
or it is rea.sonably supposed he can get 
it. Credit may increase the volume ol 
business, and in that case, increases 
the demand for money, and then if the 
money is not there in quantities enough 
to pay all, a crash comes and panic sets 
in. This is why America and England 
suffer so from iKinics, which are almost 
nnknown in France, where the per cap- 
ita circulation is fairly large. We would 
like to know if the professor does 9.": 
l)er cent, of his business on credit? 
CiTover didn't succeed that Avay. He 
needed money and. of course, it had to 
be the Mongolian metal. Another of 
their boggiemen is that silver will de- 
grade lis to the 

LEVEL OF MEXICO 
and China. What a splendid oppor- 
tunity for some transcendant genius, 
some brilliant intellectual Murat Hal- 
stead to predict that America will sink 
to the depths of Chinadom inside often 
.■".ears becans?, forsooth, Ainericans nse 
rice. XoAv for the comparison of wages, 
etc. What if wages are lower in Mexico 
and China than here? Those countries 
have very high tariffs and perhaps these 
make wages low. But to be serious, we 
have seen (under the head of protec- 
tion) that wages depend on many 
things, such as climate, people, ma- 
chinery, productivity of labor, per cap- 
ita of circulation, etc. [Mexico's circula- 
tion is $4.71 per capita. China's is less. 
In both these countries the climates are 
against the inhabitants, who are, by 
the way, only half civilized, and work 
with crude implements, thus producing 
little, and that of the inferior kind. 
lUit with these disad\'antages, le+'s see 
ho^v Mexico's Morkmen compare Avith 
gold-standard Austria in wages. Offi- 
cial statistics, Austria, 1894: Calkers, 
painters, etc., from $.3 to $4.50 per week; 
iron and brass workers, $2.40 to $3; 
hemp mills in Buda-Pesth, laborers, 
$2.50; hacklers, $4.14, and breakers, 
$r^..50. Mexico: C. A. Brown treasurer of 
the Mexican Central 'railroad writes and 
is quoted by W. C. Ford, of United 
States treasurj-- bureau of statistics. 
1800: Laborers, 50 to 75 cents a day; 
breakmen, $45 to $50 per month; ma- 



sons, from $1 to $3 a day; carpenters, 
same; 1S95, carpenters, $1.50 to $3.50, and 
mechanics, $1 to $5 a day, according to 
skill. So, you see, Mexico's conditions, 
while not as good as United States', are 
better than gold Austria. Besides, busi- 
ness is going right along in Mexico. 
Kailroads are being built, and her re- 
sources developed to a happy extent. 

Was the United States uncivilized 
prior to 1873, when we had the bimetal- 
lic standard? Were Washington. Jef- 
ferson, Franklin, Lincoln. Phillijjs and 
Emerson barbarians. Xo, nol U. S. 
went through the greatest civil 
war in history and attained the lead- 
ership of the nations of the earth on 
that basis. Germany rose to her im- 
perial greatness among the ])owers of 
Europe on a silver basis. Let's hear no 
more of this childish bosh of silver de- 
grading us. Imagine Mexico trying to 
getalongon an exclusive gold basis with 
$0.41 in gold per capita. Silver is a 
winner, its success is demonstrated, but 
the gold standard has been tried in the 
balance for 23 years and found wanting 
— the earth and the fullness thereof 
turned over to the moneyholders. The 
next thing encountered is this man of 
straw solemnly christened. 

INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT. 
As a dummy it is a work of art. but 
let's examine its anatomy and see what's 
realh' to it. It is the function of a sov- 
ereign g'overnment to say what shall 
be the monej' of its people, and nations 
have always exercised it without regard 
to the feelings or dictates of others. 
The only exception in all the eventful 
years of history was in 1865, when the 
Latin Union, composed of France and 
the smaller nations of Belgium, Switz- 
erland, Italj", later Greece. This was 
simply an agreement to mint coins of 
the same denomination and make them 
legal tender among them. But in all 
likelihood the United States will never, 
or not for many years, succeed in bring- 
ing England and Germany into such a 
treaty. These nations are more hope- 
lessly dominated by the money power 
than the United States. The money 
power will never consent to it. Several 
international conferences have been 
held and nothing accomplished. 

Their only object is to fake the pub- 
lic. All have noticed that nothing is 
heard about them until the people get 
warm and excited about their money 
wrongs, and then the papers are full 
of what is about to be done by inter- 
national agreement and that it will be 
accomplished soon now if we only keep 
cool and don't be so rash as to legislate 



17 



lor ourselves. A year or so ago, when 
silver was agitating the iieople, an as- 
sociation of great banl<ers and repre- 
sentative business men, so called, was 
henilded into being with great eclat by 
tlie big dailies. They were going to la- 
l.or for the international agreement, 
:uul no doubt soon get it. The silver 
sentiment after its season's work lied 
down to sleep. Lo, the papers pro- 
nounced it dead. As the silver craze 
was dead we heard nothing of these 
international crazers till just lately. 
The truth is, the ones that clamor loud- 
est for it want it least. This rainbow 
was just ahead in 1S78, but is farther 
away now than ever. The influential 
class of England is the greatest cred- 
itor class known, and London is the 
pawnshop of the world. They want 
scarce money, which they control, thus 
bringing debtors, the enterprising of 
the world, to the feet of the drones of 
society to implore mercy and favors. 
Shylock must have his pound of flesh. 

I stated that the international agree- 
ment was further away than in 1S78, 
the money sharks have grown stronger 
and bolder since. The Paris conference 
of ISTS resohed: 

"That the selection for use of one or 
the other of the metals, or of both, 
should be governed by the position of 
eacli state or group of states." The 
United States Monetary Commission 
reported in 1877 "that the disaster of 
the dark ages were caused by decreas- 
ing money and falling prices and the 
recovery therefrom and comparative 
|)rosperity which followed the discov- 
'ery of America were due to an increas- 
ing sup])]y of the precious metals and 
••ising prices Avill not seem unreasonable 
when the nobler functions of money 
ai"e considered. !Money is the great in- 
strument of association; the vitalizing 
force of industry; the protoplasm of 
civilization, and as essential to its ex- 
istence as oxygen is to animal life. 
Without money civilization -could not 
have had a beginning, and Avith a dimin- 
ishing supply it must languish, and un- 
less relii'ved ])erish. Falling prices and 
destitiition are inseparable companions. 
It is universally conceded that falling 
prices results from contraction of the 
money." Gladstone said in the house 
of commons in 1893, on a motion that 
the government urge the reassembling 
of the monetary conference to promote 
bimetallism: "A year doesn't pass which 
doesn't add largely to our mass of in- 
vestments abroad which exceed $10,- 
OftO.onn.non." and went on to make fun 
of the idea that England would give up 



this snap of being the money lender of 
the world. In the later conferences the 
objection that silver would make better 
prices and times, has gotten stronger. 
Alfred de Kothschild, a familiar and 
profoundly respected figuie at these 
meetings, in the Brussels confei- 
ence of 1592 eulogized the fall of 
prices: "I hold wheat at 30 instead of 
45 shillings; a quarter is a blessing." 
The Baron likes to see the poor man 
get the most for his shilling. He and 
his American cousins, liankers and 
plutocrats dearly love the ])eople; Ihey 
just worship the ground they stand on; 
they have also a fond eye for the build- 
ings thereon. The Irish tenantry :^nd 
peasantry of India are indeed fine mor.- 
uments to England's humanity and 
philanthropy. The baron ended: "T 
venture to hope I have conclusively 
shown that bimetallism for England 
IS an Absolute Impossibility." I guess 
it is this that makes international agree- 
ment makers so enthusiastic. A word 
as to the alleg-ed 
REDUNDANCY AND FIXED INCOMES. 

Insufficient money or contraction of • 
the currency causes prices to fall and 
business to become demoralized. There- 
fore money is withdrawn from enter- 
])rise and accumulated at centers and 
there being apparently no use for it 
there seems to be a surplus. The greater 
the contracfion of the money volume, 
the worse business gets and the more 
idle money there is. Ergo redundancy 
is evidence of the insufficiencj' of money. 
Gold is naturally indolent when it 
comes to its being worth more year 
after year. It is jiarticularlj^ fond of 
fattening in repose. As to incomes, 
none are absolutely fixed. Those ev- 
gag-ed in insurance or railroad busi- 
ness or even the employes of the city 
government haven't fixed incomes, 
much less clerks, wage- workers and pen- 
sioners. The oil to run all this machin- 
ery comes out of the producer. If the 
producer is pauperized everything goes 
wrong. Insurance business fell off ter- 
ribly in the last couple of years and 
railroad earnings fell $125,000,000 in one 
year, etc. IN'ow so far this has onl\ 
tended to lessen profits, but further 
falls must cut the average workman. 
Even salaries of our city officials have 
been lowered and the force cut down 
and still the city is without funds. The 
delinquent tax list is greater than ever 
before. If this continues the same 
proce>ss mu.st;- continue and as to sol- 
diers' pensions, they, unless a change 
comes, will be swept away entirely. 
Even people fancying themselves se- 



18 



(-•lire on niortf>af^es will find the niort- was with siiver-nsing- countries. Again, 

ijagor can't pay and that on the mined (Jermany had a silver standard between 

market the secured property is without '57 and '73, but did you ever hear of 

buyers and worthless. Thisg'old stand- German3^ being- shut off from the trad- 

ard unless changed will honeycomb our ing- world? JN'ow let's consider: 

civilization. This prating about not l>e- rpj^E PRESENT STANDARD. 

ing big enough to mi i i-x ■ ,, ^ <• ^t ■ 

'^ • I Jie goldites charge a.ll sorts of thuigs 

LEGISLATE FOR OURSELVES. to the .silver men and sav villainy is 
IS unAinencan. A\ hen we were but 13 afoot. Well, it's about time the pluto- 
states along the wilderness of the east- ^-j.^ts were hoofing it. They, in alarm. 
e.rn seaboard with 3.0()(),0()0 people we ery: "The crazy silverites are going to 
defied and conquered l':ngland. Are we trifle with the measure of values," but 
now with KS states and other territories ^ve reply: "It is you that have trifled 
and T1,()()0,()()() people going topusillani- ^^ith it, we but mean to restore it, and 
mously surrender? The United States jf tbere is any honesty in you you'll 
IS th*' greatest nation on the face of the help do it. We feel the people are honest 
earth in point of wealth, resources and now, they have been straightened by cir- 
business. It leads in agTiculture, and curastances. The alarm is taken up by 
according to Mulhall, the English sta- insurance, real estate and mortgage 
tistician, is away ahead in manufac- men. Thev talk of repudiation and 
tures. In 'SS the United States stood .$7,- cheap money, look wise and speak with 
2()0.()()0,00(): France, $2,300,000,000; Ger- the air of authority, adding, they handle 
many, $2,100,000,000; Austria, $1,200.- and deal in money and know whereof 
000,000; Italy, $600,000,000. The United they speak. They have l>een likened to 
States more than ecjualed tihe aggregate the'striped inmates of Jolict. who break 
of the nations named. The carrying and cut stone all their lives, but know 
trade of the world is 1.540,000.000 tons nothing of geology. These fellows 
J carried 100 miles annually; 1,400,000.000 i^iow about values," usury, etc., but are 
in railroad traffic and the rest in ship- densely ignorant on the science of 
ping. The United States carried SOO,- money. Tliey talk so because of their 
000,000 on railroads, alone, which is 60,- contact with deep, wily bankers. I 
000.000 more than the world's land and ^^ant to say right here the people don't 
water traftic. Ifncle Sam is big enough believe in alchemy— they leave the black 
to take care of himself and :\IcKinley art to such princes of darkness as Sher- 
will have a hard time in convincing the man, Cleveland and their coterie, 
old man he is still in bib and diapers. We THie country's indebtedness is, public 
are also told we must have the same and private, $40,000,000,000. All our gold 
standard 'as other nations or trade will will not pay interest thereon for three 
be interferred with. Most of these ar- months. All the gold and silver 
guments don't merit serious considera- wouldn't pay the appropriations of the 
tion, but as they frequently emanate billion-dollar congress. Our foreign 
from college professors, T don't see that debt is between $5,000,000,000 and $6.- 
we can do anything but pity their jaun- 000.000,000. Forigners hold millions of 
diced minds. They should be treated our National. st.Tte and municipal bonds, 
rather than answered. I will advise most of our stock yards, railroads, many 
them to go to some chemist and get a flour and steel mills, much land and all 
mixture of five grains of the essense of the breweries. Interest, dividends, etc.. 
manhood, five drops of concentrated en this amount yearly to $250,000,000. 
spirits of reason and a grain of silver to When times are fair the balance of trade 
sweeten, and take three times a day in our favor is about $150,000,000, leav- 
till cured. Nations trade back and ing $100,000,000 to pay in gold. Last 
forth and all around. Exports and im- year we mined $17,000,000 (more than 
ports are offset against each other and ever before.) The arts used more tban 
by means of this clearing house system half. The amount used thus is con- 
only balances, which are small, are set- stantly increasing. Table for the 
tied in money. We trade in the Orient United States from Book on Coinage 
and no ditiiculty is experienced by rea- Laws, etc. 

son of our different money standard. Year. Production. Used in Arts. 

England had a single standard since 1886 35,000,000 13,069.520 

1861 the Ignited States a double stnnd- ''''*'*'S 33,175,000 16,514, 8-!2 

loiii, i.iie I niieti r>TaTes a aouDie sta.na- ^^^ 32,84.5,000 l7,6.55.fH;'. 

. ard up to 1873, yet who ever heard of 1892 33,000,000 19,329,074 

trade interference from that score. How long can we meet the gold in- 

Ernest Seyd. the Englishman who ar- terest on our foreign debt? We are al- 

ranged the deal with Sherman, said in ready on its way to chancery to be 

'80 that 80 per cent, of England's trade wound up. The gold standard means 

19 



America't ruin ajitl civilization's doom. 
The num who don't know these facts, 
is criminally ignorant and the man who 
does and stUl talks gold utters treason 
against his country and his fellow man. 
THE SENTINELS OF LIBERTY. 
The generals of humanity, who led 
the march of civilization, have warned 
us of our foe. .TefFerson, who had faith 
in the people and wrote the Declaration of 
Independence without waiting for an 
international agreement, said: •■]^ank- 
ing institutions are more dangerous 
tiian standing armies." Calhoun said 
in 1H34: "I'nder the operation of the 
banking system there is a strong tend- 
ency to create a moneyed interest that 
is dangerously antagonistic to the com- 
munity." Gen. Jacl<son opposed the re- 
chartering of the National bank be- 
cause of its great power, on that issue 
triumphed before the people. Lowell 
said: "Far-seeing men count the in- 
creasing power of wealth and its com- 
bination as one of the chief dangers 
with which our institutions are threat- 
ened." Webster said: "Liberty cannot 
long endure in any country where the 
tendency of legislation is to concentrate 
\vealth in the hands of the few." Lin- 
coln's message to congress in ]S()1: "I 
would scarcely be justified were I to 
omit to raise a warning voice against 
ajiproaching despotism. The effort is 
to place capital above labor in the struc- 
ture of government." Again: "If a 
government contracts a debt with a 
<;ertain amount of money in circulation, 
and then contracts the money volume 
before it is paid, it is the most heinous 
crime a government could commit 
against the people." In a letter, he said : 
"As a residt of the war corporations 
have beqn enthroned. An era of corrup- 
tion in high places will follow, and the 
Money Power of the country will en- 
deavor to jn-olong its reign by working 
on the prejudices of the people, until 
ail wealth is aggregated in a few hands 
and the republic destroyed: "Blaine, 
1S7S: "I believe the struggle now go- 
ing on in this and other countries for 
a gold standard will, if successful, pro- 
duce widespread disaster. The destruc- 
tion of silver as money and establishing 
gold as a unit of value must have a 
ruinous effect upon all forms of prop- 
erty, except investments yielding a 
fixed return in money. Silver being de- 
monetized. I am in favor of remonetiz- 
i^g it." Will we heed the warning? 
The prophesies are being fulfilled. A 
crisis is upon ns. We must act with 
firmness and dispatch. If the remedy 
is delayed there will be revolution. We 



are now in the heat of a political cam- 
paign fraught with as momentous ques- 
tions as ever confronted a sovereign 
people resolved to be free. The money, 
power ijaints and powders and looks 
passable under the touching up and 
hair dressing of Thurston and the other 
eunuchs of King Money's household. 
They are foxy. 

Thei^ purposes they conceal 

To mold our fate 

And shape our state 
And kill the common weal. 

They'll pinch, rob and knock us about 

And put all the lights of freedom out. 

HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF. 

The money power simulates chattel 
slavery in the days of its haughtiest 
supremacy'; it has control of the gov- 
ernment; the press is its servile tool; 
congress is its den; the supreme court 
is its watchful dragon, and hands down 
the new Dred Scott decision, the Debs 
contempt imprisonment case, sustain- 
ing Jeffery Woods in imprisoning a 
citizen for exercising the constitutional 
right of free speech, and this, too. in vio- 
lation of the constitutional guarantee 
of trial by jury. Alammon has spoken 
from ]\Iount Sigh Nigh, so let every dog 
hold his tongue. Its decalogue reads: 
"Thou shalt not worshij) any god but 
me, for I am a jealous god." "Thou 
shalt not repudiate." "Thou shalt not 
touch vested rights, but you may bribe 
and intimidate officials in my holy name, 
and do all in j'our jiower to increase 
the pelf and imjiortance of thy lord; 
and the pulpit and the x>ress of my land 
shall sustain thee in thy pious work." 
Lincoln's prediction came true. Cor- 
],orations are enthroned, labor de- 
graded, corruption is in high office, 
and "the money power is seeking to 
prolong its reign by working on the 
jirejudices of the people," and (recogniz- 
ing the integrity of the American peo- 
ple) have started the cry, "dishonest 
dollar." repudiation, etc., and, like the 
slave power, it is denouncing the real 
friend of man as the enemy of our coun- 
try, calling him anarchist, etc.. and .>-ay- 
ing he wants to ruin the credit of the 
government." These so-called an- 
archists have as lofty a conception of 
duty and a heart as responsive to the 
needs of the people as anybody that 
ever lived, and that is why they rebel 
against the existing conditions. 
THE SITUATION. 

The people are like the man in 
Dante's "Inferno," who was doomed to 
make a rope of hay to reach to the outer 
world of light and liberty, but while he 
vvas intent on twisting his life rope 
some wild asses were behind a wall. 



20 



entinj;' it up with tranquil .-md perpet- 
ual delight. So the active portion of the 
people have been patientlj- working- to 
p-et their life ropes to extend to the 
outer circle of liberty and debtless- 
uess, but the bloated asses of phitoc- 
laey. who place riches and vanity above 
country and liumanity. have been ap- 
propriating the fruits of their labor, 
and they are as deep in the despond 
of indebtedness as ever. It will even 
i;et worse if W. Buncombe McKinley 
iiets in power. The greenbacks will 
then be retired and interest-bearing 
bonds issued in lien thereof, so that 
our decreasing stock of gold, stored in 
vanlts and held as reserves, will be our 
only money, except what the banks see 
fit to issue. They exjjand and contract 
the circulation at their sweet will, to 
the people's bitter sorrow. The bank 
circulation was recently extended to 
$-178,000,000. This will turn the coim- 
Iry over to the legal pillage of Eoths- 
child and his banking cousins as ef- 
fectually as ancient Rome was turned 
over to the plunder of Attila and the 
I tuns. No one will have property he 
can call his own or have rights that 
they will be bound to respect. A30ung 
attorney was rising to flights in a case, 
growing warm over angels, weeping 
willows, etc., when the judge inter- 
rupted him, with: "Get down to busi- 
ness; this is a case of hog stealing." 
80, when these tyros begin to rise to 
the heights of '"Dollars as untarnished 
as the national honor," they shoidd be 
reminded that this is a case of stealing. 
If it were only hog stealing it wouldn't 
be so bad, for the hogs are in the banks 
and monopolies, but it is a case where 
the whole people are having their all 
filched from them by a subtle financial 
system. The Shylocks and kindred 
hordes under the once-glorious banner 
of the republican party, with William 
Buncombe ^NIcKinley at their head, are 
LOW in the field. The note of dread- 
ful preparation has been sounded. Bim- 
conibe fears there is more than one 
Richmond in the field. All the bankers, 
all the bondholders and monopolists 
liave left the democratic party: all the 
big dealers have bolted the ticket, and 
all the obsequious politicians and cor- 
poration attorneys and unthinking- 
business, laboring and professional 
men have followed like a yellow poodle 
after a stylish rig. On the other hand, 
all the farmers, the backbone of the re- 
public, thinking business and intelligent 
laboring men and all statesmen who 

"Will not narrow their mind 
And give up to party what was meant for 
mankind," 



liave thrown aside the petty distinc- 
tions of party and under the banners of 
humanity and prosperity have rallied 
around the magnificent leadership of 
William J. Bryan, the sturdy champion 
of oppressed America. Who is he? is 
it asked. He is the son of nature, 
reared after her own heart, amid the 
bloom of flowers, the song of birds, the 
ripple of brooks, sunny slopes and rug- 
ged forests. Child of Destiny, Man 
of character, worth and ability; rising- 
like Lincoln by his own genius, enter- 
prise and perseverance from the hum- 
blest station in life to the highest place 
in the hearts of men. He served the 
people of Nebraska honestly, faithfully 
and honorably two terms in congress. 
He has the principle of Jefferson, the 
judgment of Washington, the will 
power of Jackson, the eloquence of 
Phillips and the statesmanship of Lin- 
coln. Thrice blest man, with the char- 
ity- and enthusiasm of youth in his heart 
and the learning and wisdom of age in 
liis head. His record is as untarnished 
as he hopes to see the pi-osperity of his 
country. It has with eagle captious 
eye been scrutinized from infancy up. 
liis onlj' malfeasance is that he is 36 
.\ ears of age. I've looked up the charge 
in the Statutes and in the Draconian 
and ^Mdral codes. The crime isn't men- 
tioned in any law. But extortion, 
bribery, usury, robbery and false pre- 
tenses are. The charge is nothing. 
Alexander of Macedon, after conquer- 
ing the then known world, died sighing 
for other worlds to conquer at 32. Na- 
lX)leon invaded Austria at 28, and at 30 
was the rider of France. Jefferson 
wrote the grandest of political docu- 
ments, the Declaration of Independence, 
when 33. Pitt was prime minister of 
England at 25 and Webster was the first 
man in America at 30. William J. Bryan 
stands clear of every charge, tried and 
trusted. 

"Will the people's rights maintain 
Unawed by influence, unbribed by gain." 

He knows it is one of the eternal 
verities of nature, one of the funda- 
mental laws of the social organism 
that no state can enjoy permanent 
prosperity, develop normally, attain 
real national greatness nor long en- 
dure where injustice dwells in its sys- 
tem, education neglected, equal oppor- 
tunities denied, one class favored to the 
detriment of the other. He said in his 
Coliseum speech that the word business- 
man so long has been limited to the 
banker, the man who walks into the 
board of trade and speculates on stocks 
and the man who clips coupons and sits 



21 



iu back parlors and wrecks railroads, 
and that the title ought to be extended 
to the farmer who j^lows, the miner who 
digs ore out of the earth and the mer- 
chant who keeps a corner grocery, etc., 
and that instead of legislating to make 
the rich prosperous, that their prosper- 
ity might leak through on those below, 
we ought to legislate to make the 
masses prosperous, as such prosperity 
would find its way up to all. Every ad- 
v.iuce in civilization is a broadening of 
l)ase. and the leaders in this new move- 
ment for a broader fraternity, more jus- 
tice, equality and prosperity are noble 
men, all of them. Bryan, Altgeld. Wat- 
son. Harvey, Teller, Weaver, Sibley, 
Pennoyer, Towne, Butler, Bland, Jones, 
Allen, Sewall, Waite, Donnelly, Stone, 
Taubeneck, Schilling, Warner, Petti- 
grew, George, Coxey, Daniels, McGlynn, 
Stewart, Tillman, Van Dervoort, etc. 
Woman's inspiring and elevating influ- 
t nee in the sacred cause is also getting 



much in evidence. All hail our deliver- 
er. The plutocratic guns of two hemi- 
spheres are turned on our dauntless 
leader. Let's form a phalanxaround him. 

"Humanity with all its fears, 
With all its hopes of future years 
Hangs breathless on his fate." 

Let's form the embattled square about 
our gallant Wellington of America. We 
are in the thickest of the battle. Tor- 
rents of ijatriotism have fallen during 
the night and the moral foundations of 
the enemy's road have fallen in and^Mc- 
Kinley is trying to ride to victory over 
the prostrate form of our country and 
the bleeding bodies of his fellow-men. 
It is Waterloo. The combined forces 
of plutocracy have met the allied armies 
of humanity. That they will be van- 
quished is the prayer of reform and the 
hope of thp people as they, with visions 
of the cross and thorns before their 
aching eyen, anxiously wait glad tidings 
of success. 



I isr r) E x:. 



Pagre. 

Civilization, church and state 1 

Slavery, its abolition 1-2 

Hazard circular, banks 2 

Rebellion and Lincoln's prophecy 2 

Centralization and machinery 2 

immigration, special laws, etc 2 

Labor, child: eight-hour day ?, 

Reciprocity 3 

Protection, origin of, etc 4 

Protection, average, during war 4 

Protection, average, W. and McK. bills 4 

Protection, factors in wage problem.. 4 

Protection, England, Germany, China 4 

I'rotection, foreign paupers hired 4-5 

J-'rotcction, Blaine on wages 5 

Protection, table of labor cost, etc 5 

Protection, riots under McKinley law. 5 

I'rotection to capital, not labor h 

Protection, immigration, .Tohn Bull 5 

Protection, panic of 1S73, etc. Atlas... 6 

I'rotection, revenue 1S92 to 1S95 6 

Protection, rates, exports and imports (5 

Protection, free list. Grant, etc *; 

Income tax C-7 

Bankers : 7 

Railroads 7-S 

Referendum, representation, etc S-9 

War and education 9 

The issue, silver 9 

Rothschild and world's gold 11 

Demonetizations of gold and silver 11 

Demonetizations, consequences 11 

Bland-Allison act It 

Royal gold and silver commission 11 

Silver, India, etc 12 

Baring Bros.' failure 12 

Sherman law and its repeal 12 

National debt, etc 13 



Page. 

Silver and commodities, table of 14 

Gold appreciating, prices, etc 14 

Output of gold and silver 14 

Overproduction 15 

IVIovement of prices 15 

McKinley' s star epigram 15 

Atkinson and flood of silver 15-lfi 

Per capita circulation IR 

Fixed incomes, etc 18 

Credits and banking facilities 16-17 



Level of Mexico, etc 

International trade , 

International agreement 

United States big enou.gh, etc.. 

Country's indebtedness 

Insurance, real estate men, etc 

History repeats itself 

Gold used in arts 



.. 17 

... 19 

... 18 

... 19 

... 19 

... 19 

... 20 

.. 19 

Shylock under republican banners 21 

Bryan, alliances, etc 21 

Business men 21 

Fundamental law, etc 21 

Quotation from Gladstone 18 

Quotation from Rothschild IS 

Quotation from Lincoln 2,20 

Quotation from Garfield 7, 9 

Quotation from Blaine 5, 20 

Quotation from Jefferson 20 

Quotation from Calhoun 20 

Quotation from Jackson 20 

Quotation from Webster 20 

Quotation from Lowell 20 

Quotation from Carlisle 14 

Quotation from IT. S. Mon. Com. Rep.. IS 

Quotation from Grant 6, 11 

Quotation from Hume 10 

Quotation from Seyd 19 

Quotation from Giffen 14 

Quotation from Hay 16 



THE GOLD-BUG CREW, 

Published in JS'A TIONA L BIME TA LL/ST, May, jSgd. 

A favorite at commercial clubs' banquets, English operas, etc., and 
special!)' adapted for Cleveland and the bankers. 

Tune — from the opera, Pinafore. 
Solo, 

Cleveland — I am the captain of the gold-bug crew. 

Chorls, 

Bankers — And a right good captain, too. 

Solo — You're very, very good, and be it understood, 
I am in for the gold right through. 

Chorus — We are very, very good, and be it understood. 
He is in for the gold right through. 

Solo — I can trim, fleece and steer, with any banker here, 
And I manipulate for a big firm. 
I hold in absolute scorn, those who' re lowly born 
And I'll never take a third term. 

Chorus — What, never? (Solo) — No, never. 

What, never? (Solo) — If they sever. 

Chorus— If they sever, no more term. 

Then here is a yell, and a big smile, too. 

For the last-term captain of the gold-bug crew. 

Solo — I've done my best to enrich you all. 

Chorus — And with you everybod}' is content. 

Solo — That's an everlasting whopper, and I think it onlv proper 
To return the compliment. 

Chorus— That's an everlasting whopper, and he thinks it only proper 
To return the compliment. 

Solo— With my foreign war jingo, I've concealed the gold lingo, 
And fooled them with the noise. 
But oh, this silver host, haunts me to the utmost; 
But I ever fool these voting boys. 

Chorus — What, ever? (Solo) — Yes, ever. 

What, ever? (Solo)— Mostly ever. 

Chorus — Mostly ever fool these voting boys. 

Then here is a yell, and a good health, too. 
For the bunko captain of the gold-bug crew. 

Solo — Our gold bark is frail on this silver sea. 

Chorus— Don't be afraid, w-e'll all back thee. 

vSoLO — You're awful, awfully kind, but I think you rather blind; 

But perhaps you'll not agree. 
Chorus — We're awful, awfully kind, but he thinks us rather blind; 

Now, we will not agree. 

We'll support McKinley. 

Solo — For bimetallism I'll declare, international though, beware; 
And the daily press will be our wand. 
I'll urge to partisan activities, appointees of all nativities; 
And I'll never issue another bond. • 

Chorus — What, never? (Solo)— No, never. 

What, never? (Solo) — Not for awhile. 
Chorus — Won't issue any more bonds for awhile. 

Populace — We'll surely go fo ruin, and hades, too. 

While our Ship of State has a gold-bug crew. 

Francis R. Cole. 

Geniral Bragg is the logical candidate of the gold democrats i Hanna's 
auxiliary ) as their movement is nothing but a general brag. 

Reform's Motto — In non-essentials harmony, in essentials unity, in all 
things charity. 



THE SPEECHES THAT BOOMED THIS SPRING.^ 

The speeches that boomed this spring, tra-la l^ 

Breathe promise of silver sunshine, 

As the nightmares and terrors they bring, tra-la 

To the Cleveland and Sherman ring, tra-la 

And the whole Rothschild combine. 

And the whole Rothschild combine. 

And we feel things are brightening as we sing, 

Of the significant speeches that boomed this spring. 

Tra-la-la-la-la, tra-la-la-la-la, 

The speeches that boomed this spring, tra-la, etc. 

The speeches that boomed this spring, tra-la, 

Papers say are not in the race. 

Vampire of gold has under its wing, tra-la 

Conspirators and that sort of thing, tra-la 

With a philanthropy painted face. 

With a philanthropy painted face. 

We can see whenever they talk or sing. 

They're bothered with the speeches that boomed this spring, 

Tra-la-la-la-la, tra-la-la-la-la. 

The speeches that boomed this spring, tra-la-la, etc. 

The speeches of Bryan are grand, tra-la, 

And have aroused this broad land. 

We'll be brought to original barter, tra-la, 

Little gold and much salaried barker, tra-la, 

Prime money increase, not credits expand, (repeat) 

Bimetallists have the faith of a martyr. 

And these speeches are only a starter, 

Tra-la-la-la-la, tra-la-la-la-la, 

The hide of McKinley is tanned, tra-la-la, etc. 

There is no gold in the sun tra-la, 

So scientists have us advised, 

And we think that they can't be in fun, tra-la. 

Else our hash would be pretty well done, tra-la 

And our sunshine demonitized. (repeat) 

Isn't it good, Sol is out of reach of their gun. 

Or our days would be by Standard Oil run, 

Tra-la-la-la-la, tra-la-la-la-la. 

There is no gold in the sun, tra-la-la, etc. 

Though we're in a very good humor, tra-la, 

Uncle Samuel is very sick. 

There are well founded rumors, tra-la, 

That Uncle has monopoly tumors, tra-la. 

All over his body politic, (repeat) 

We mean that tumors and parasites all. 

Will experience a most dreadful fall, 

Tra-la-la-la-la, tra-la-la-la-la. 

Though our humor is anything but gall, tra-la-la-la, etc. 

Ther'e a i6 to i specific, tra-la, 

That with fusion works like a charm. 

Uncle Sam is industrially rheumatic, tra-la. 

His Rothchildetis symptoms are emphatic, tra-la. 

But this specific will banish the harm, 

And raise the mortgage off the farm. 

We've come to the sound conclusion. 

That an international agreement is a delusion, 

Tra-la-la-la-la, tra-la-la-la-la. 

Uncle will take this specific with fusion, tra-la-la-la, etc. 

Francis R. Cole. 



WE'VE GOT A LITTLE LIST. 

Tune— from the Mikado. 
Our distress is due to "Want of confidence" say the Two Johns. 
And they show a long list, a very lengthy list, , 

Of business failures which they'll restore by issues of gold bonds. 
But we think their game is this, we think their game is this, 
To enslave our people by debt to lords at home and o'er the sea 
And prepare for a king and a monied aristocrac3^ 
But of their -financial folly and crimes we've had to much 
Of their perfidious inconsistency and Shylock's clutch. 
In sophistry and servility they all may persist, < 

They never will be missed. They never will be missed. 

Chorus — We've got them on the list, we've got them on the list; 

They'd none of them be missed, they'd none of them be rnts.se. I. 

Foreign capitalists, to this country won't come to invest, 

On in enterprises enlist; or in enterprises enlist. 

Unless we have a single standard, Cleveland has confessed. 

But they never would be missed. They never would be missed. 

If our Statesmen would only to America be true 

And recognize our silver, which is honest through and through, 

And thus give real protection to our home industries. 

And by more money, make us independent of the fleas, 

Of fleas who banquet on our punches, and give us their big fist. 

They never would be missed, they never would be missed. 

Chorus — 

Though Grover was elected on a plank of tariff reform, 

That wasn't what was wished, so he went and'fished. 

While his fellow lackeys over the Sherman Law did storm ; 

It's repeal they wished; they had the turkey dished. 

If that bill was only repealed then good times would come, 

But huge debts and idle shops, is their promised millenium. 

But Uncle Samuel knows exactly where to place the blame 

When the Wilson and McKinley Bills differ little in the main. 

Sam has a free silver remedy on which he will insist. 

And he's making a long list of political physicians to be dismissed. 

He's making up a list, of quacks to be dismissed. ' 

Chorus — 

McKinley with his "Dollar", as the nation's honor untarnished, 

"Sound Money and Protection", and other phrases elegantly varnishtii, 

Has shown himself to be the very master of empty platitudes 

And a candidate more fit for a wealthy pastorate, or tutorship of dudes. 

Bryan is for the masses, has general honesty and an army of facts and figures, 

That is slashing the opposition like razors and the niggers. 

Bryan wants the prosperity that climbs up, not that of leaking down, 

He wants to make the country thrive and good times settle in town. 

So he has given Sam some lists of some large and small taitiff s 

Including all monopolists, with their unholy grists. 

Chorus — Uncle Sam is now rolling up his sleeves,and doubling up his tist, 
And Cleveland, Sherman and McKinley will unceremoniously 
be dismissed. 
None of them will be missed; Except by John Bull missed. 

Francis R. Colk. 

Speak thy thought if thou believest it, 

Let it jostle whom it may, 

Even although the foolish scorn it 

Or the obstinate gainsay, 

Every seed that grows tomorrow 

Lies beneath the clod today. 

Where would be our free opinion, 

Where the right to speak at all. 

If our sires, like some, mistrustful, 

Had been deaf to duty's call. 

And concealed the thoughts within them, 

Lying down for fear to fall. 

Chas. Mackey. 



BEFORE TAKING. 

r>,.i:M ii.jiilers bou^'lit U. S. Bonds during the 
var in (greenbacks worth 45 to 60c. Sherman 

speech Feb. 27, '67, "I say that equality 

Hid justice are amply satistied if we redeem 
hose bonds in the Bame kind of money of tht \ 
ame intrinsic value it bore at the time they 
vf re issued." Again in a letter Feb. 20, '68. 
'Tht' Vjund holder can command only the kind 
)f money he paid, and is a repudiator find ex 
ortioner to demand money more valuable than 
10 gave." Attain in a letter to W. S. Grosbeck, 
,'ineinnati, O., "The uncertainty of the relation 
etween the two metals is one of the chief argu- 
nentfl in favor of a monometallic system, but 
irL'iiments. showing the dangerous effect upon 
ndustry by dropping 1 of the precious metals 
lutweight in my mind all theoretical objections 
o the bimetallic system."' 



AFTER TAKING. 

John Sherman, after Seyd, the bond broker 
hypnotized him in '73, and eased his itching 
palm and taught him to become a millionaire 
on $5,000 a year. "To refuse,to pay these bonds 
in gold would be repudiation and extortion." 

Speech, Aug. 15, "96. at Columbus. "This 
matter of fiee coinage of silver and the de- 
gradation of the standard of value involves noij 
only questions of money, but honor and good 
faith. Contemplate for a while the inevitablt 
result of free coinage of silver. It would violate 
every money contract since '79. We shrinii( 



C.\RLISLE.1878.— with an ample currency, : from any measure that will either robordo 
m industrious people will speedily rebuild injustice to lender or borrower. Its impossible 



heir works of internal improvement and re- 
pair losses of property, but no amount of in- 
liistry or economy on the part of the people 
•an create money. When the government 
•reates and authorizes it, the citizen may 
icquire it, but do nothing more."' 

C/iicax^o Trihuue: fan 14. 'y8. 
Editorial.— Hamilton and Jefferson con- 
•urrcd in the wisdom and necessity of having 
I double standard, the purpose being to con- 
Vr the option on >the debtor to pay in either 
netai. Tho.=e great statesmen clearly saw the 
trouble and disaster that a single standard 
would bring upon the country. The retention 
of til*' option by the debtor to pay in silver or 
u'old is vitally important to the welfare of the 
people and must nev^r be surrendered."' 

Col. Cockrill, editor of the Commercial Aavertiser 



to estimate the wrong done to creditors by the 
scaling off of nearly 3^ of debts due them. 
"Honest John Sherman didn't consider the 
debtors when he doubled their debts by strik- 
ing down silver {% their morey) in '73. Honest 
John Sherman. Carlisle and the TrihuUe are 
now busy trying to make it understood that a 
double standard is a me;e vagary and none but 
idiots, fanatics and repudiationists and anarch- 
ists ever believed in such rot, and that govern- 
ment is powerless to make money, all it can d6 
is put its stamp on the metal and let it circu- 
late at its market price, like potatoes or pork. 

A", v., wrote a few years ago, a con- 
The article showed: let. 



fcssion, as it were, of the way papers are run at the present day. 
That the great metropolitan newspapers (especially of the East), are largely owned by non- 
residents; 2nd. That the editor is a mere figure head, representing the European proprietor; 
.'{rd. 'I'hat these papers have gone to seed in the last decade and run solely for money as the 
proprietor dictates. 

Specimens of the i=eedy newspapers: "There seems to be but one remedy and it must 
come— a change to land owners on one hand, and tenant farmers on the other, something! 
similar to what exists in the old countries." — N. V. Times (Rep ) 

'The American laborer must make up his mind henceforth not to be much better off than 
the foreign laborers. Men must be content to work for less wages. In this way the working- 
man will be nearer that station of life to which it has pleased God to call him.'' — A. F. liW/J 
(McKinley, Democrat.) 

"There is too much freedom in this country rather than too little." — India)iapolis Joiima,. 
(Rep.) 

"The most wealthy must govern in every state, and will, regardless of 'any attempt to 
depiive them of that \\^\iX.''— Richmond, Va., Whig (McKinley, Democratic.) 

'•It is astonishing, yea, startling, the extent faith prevails in money circles in New York,- 
t hat we ought to have a king."' Whitelaw Reid, New York Tribune: — (This is the outlaw 
Reid that ran for vice president on Republican ticket in '92.) Again the Republican caitiff 
says: "The time is near when the banks will feel compelled to act strongly. 

The machinery is now furnished by which, in any emergency, the financial incorporationf^ 
can act togeiher on a day's notice, with such power that no act of congress can resist its 
decisions." James Buell, Secretary National Banker's Asfociation, often said: "We hav 
arranged the program for both parties and the people can exercise their choice of men. 
They haven't succeeded in arranging the program this year. The spirit of '76 has been re- 
monetized and is good legal tender to pay off such debts of ingratitude evidenced by the 
above. If the people don't rise in their might in this election, the ballot will be restricted 
the middle class reduced to paupres. and liberty will be terribly depreciated and dis- 
appear from the curr( ncy of independent thought, and repudiation of republican institu- 
tions be the order of the day. Patriots awake ! 

Reverence no more the power, 
That grinds you to the dust of misery. 
"Hail that glorious season by gifted minds foretold 
When men shall live by reason and not alone by gold." 









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